Aso Bahrami; Iraj Noravesh; abbas Raad; ata mohamadi molqarani
Abstract
The overall purpose of publishing financial statements is to provide information about financial status, performance results, and cash flows to stakeholders. Users' trust, especially investors, shareholders, and creditors, with the information in these statements is an incentive that leads one to fraud ...
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The overall purpose of publishing financial statements is to provide information about financial status, performance results, and cash flows to stakeholders. Users' trust, especially investors, shareholders, and creditors, with the information in these statements is an incentive that leads one to fraud in financial reporting. The purpose of present research is to predict fraud in fraudulent financial statements fraud. This triangle is based on the assumption that one is motivated to commit fraud when there are three elements of fraud. These three elements are 1. some perceived motivations for fraud, 2. some opportunities for fraud, and 3. methods of reasoning that fraud does not harm the value of the perpetrator (Cressey, 1973). In this study, the dependent variable of financial statement fraud is used by the researcher as a substitute for earnings management (profit). Independent variables include the pressure of financial stability, the greed of the perpetrator, ineffective supervision, effective supervision, the pressure of external expectations, and predicted financial goals. The statistical population of the study is listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and the statistical sample of 98 companies is selected through systematic elimination method during the years 2012 - 2018. The results of testing the research hypotheses using multivariate regression model and panel data model showed that the pressure of financial stability has a significant relationship with financial statements Fraud.
MohammadReza Nikbakht; Mahmoud Ghorbani
Abstract
The occurrence of bankruptcy in the world's monetary systems is highly sensitive, as the systemic risk consequences associated with this phenomenon can have very devastating effects on the monetary and financial system of countries and lead to severe political and security crises. Valuable laws and regulations ...
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The occurrence of bankruptcy in the world's monetary systems is highly sensitive, as the systemic risk consequences associated with this phenomenon can have very devastating effects on the monetary and financial system of countries and lead to severe political and security crises. Valuable laws and regulations have been developed to assess the status and performance of the bank and to warn of the crisis leading to bankruptcy in the world. The situation of some countries, including Iran, is different economically and in other respects. In this study, through interviews with banking experts and thematic analysis, the researchers identified 17 indicators with a high degree of impact on bankruptcy, that five of them are specific to the current conditions of the Iran’s banks. these indicators could be usefully in every suitable ranking model. the proposed quantitative model could be used in case study researches for future research to know the important problems of high high risk banks.
Rafik Baghoomian; Erfan Mohammadi
Abstract
This paper is aimed to review the effects of financial professional expertise of the auditIn this study, we investigated the effect of audit committee members’ financial expertise on the relationship between the environmental risks of the company (including financial risk, operational risk and ...
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This paper is aimed to review the effects of financial professional expertise of the auditIn this study, we investigated the effect of audit committee members’ financial expertise on the relationship between the environmental risks of the company (including financial risk, operational risk and business risk) and the audit fee of the company. Thus, after explaining the theoretical foundations and implementation of hypotheses of the research, we selected 101 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange TSE) through screening for a period of 7 years (2012-2018). We extracted required data, and then examined the classical assumptions of linear regression. Finally, we tested the implemented hypotheses by using multivariate linear regression.Findings showed that audit committee members’ financial expertise has a negative and significant relationship with audit fee and environmental risks of the company however; such a relationship does not weaken the severity of the direct relationship between environmental risks and the audit fee of the company.
Javad Shekarkhah; seyyed hamid tamandeh
Abstract
Cognition and awareness of the firms' capital structure is important for potential shareholders and investors, and information on capital structure is used by creditors. The financing decisions of many firms depend on the market value of the stock. firms are issued when stocks are high and when they ...
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Cognition and awareness of the firms' capital structure is important for potential shareholders and investors, and information on capital structure is used by creditors. The financing decisions of many firms depend on the market value of the stock. firms are issued when stocks are high and when they are redeemed when stocks are low, the reason for this action is obtaining more finance. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of market past values on investment decisions and Cumulative leverage changes of firms from the perspective of market timing theory.In this study, using financial information of 134 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange over the period of 2012-2018 and using generalized least square (GLS) regression analysis, the market timing theory was tested with growth opportunities and leverage changes of companies. Results of the study suggest that in a 95% certainty level, the first hypothesis was confirmed i.e. past market values have positive and significant impact on investment decisions. Also, the second hypothesis was confirmed i.e. past market values have negative and significant impact on Cumulative leverage changes. These observations confirm the market timing theory, that is, companies’ growth opportunities are controlled via the ratio, and leverage has a negative relationship with the ratio. Also variables of ratio of fixed assets and size of company have a significant and negative impact on investment decisions, while profitability, leverage, market value to liquidity ratio and liquidity have positive and significant effect on investment decisions. Finally, profitability and the ratio of total liabilities to total assets have a significant negative effect on the cumulative leverage changes.
Sayed Mahmoud Mousavi Shiri; Mahdieh Yazdani; Mahin Mirzaee
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to exam Auditors’ Performance in fraud brainstorming sessions. The audit team needs some discussion and dialogue sessions to discuss how and when the financial statements of an entity can be susceptible to significant financial misstatement due to fraud or error .In this ...
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The aim of this paper is to exam Auditors’ Performance in fraud brainstorming sessions. The audit team needs some discussion and dialogue sessions to discuss how and when the financial statements of an entity can be susceptible to significant financial misstatement due to fraud or error .In this study, we refer to paragraph 19 of Auditing Standard 240; evaluate the effect of brainstorming sessions in the performance of auditors, in discovering the fraud. For gathering of data one scenario was provided and distributed between 216 people of administrators and auditors working in the public audit firms of Certified Public Accountants that divided to four groups. The responds of Nominal Group Technique and interactive Groups for fraud risk factors, Quality of Fraud Hypothesis were compared. The methods used to test hypotheses were independent t-test and continual multivariate. Overall, our results show that nominal teams outperform interacting teams. We also provide evidence that social loafing there are in interacting teams.
nahid hoseini; Babak Jamshidinavid; Parviz Piri
Abstract
Prospect theory and reference point are some of the discussed issues in the behavioral finance paradigm that describe the situation of individuals in decision making. Experimental evidence indicates that investors select points as their reference points for their profit and loss decisions making. If ...
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Prospect theory and reference point are some of the discussed issues in the behavioral finance paradigm that describe the situation of individuals in decision making. Experimental evidence indicates that investors select points as their reference points for their profit and loss decisions making. If the price is lower than the reference point, they postpone their sales, as a result, the volume of transactions is also reduced, and if the price is higher than the reference point, they sell shares, which results in increased trading volume. The purpose of this study is to investigate thirty examples of Halo effects in the Iranian capital market with the emphasis on the role of accounting information in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population includes 115 companies that were active in the stock market from 2006 to 2017. In this study, the panel-data regression model was used to investigate the hypotheses. The results show that investors in the Iranian capital market do not use the management forecasts (relative profitability status of the company vs. the anticipated profitability of the company) following the pattern of the Halo effect phenomenon. In addition, investors in the Iranian capital market do not use the industry average (relative profitability status of the company vs. the industry average) following the Halo effect phenomenon.
Yazdan Marjanian; Farhad Shahveisi; Farzad Eivani; Azad Khanzadi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the value relationship between good and bad news of management earnings forecasting with emphasis on impairment in management earnings forecasting. In this regard, to test the research hypotheses, data from 153 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the value relationship between good and bad news of management earnings forecasting with emphasis on impairment in management earnings forecasting. In this regard, to test the research hypotheses, data from 153 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2012-2018 were used. The Results according to Generalized Least Squares method show that bad news earnings management predictions are more predictive than first and last earnings management forecasts. The results also show that good news Earnings management forecast First and last Earnings management forecast have higher disclosure noises in earnings forecasts. Finally, the results showed that, There is a significant difference between the stock price response to the last earnings forecasted and the deviations from good news and bad news management earnings forecasting, But there is no statistically significant difference between the stock price response to the first earnings forecasted and the deviations from good news and bad news earnings management forecasting.
Mohammad Hasan Ebrahimi Sarv Olia; Mohammad javad Salimi; Hamze Ghouchifard
Abstract
Given the importance of the growth and development of the capital market in a country, knowing the factors that affect people's equity investment can help Capital market development and growth. Myopic Loss Aversion (MLA) is one of the factors introduced by Benartzi and Thaler (1995). In this regard, ...
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Given the importance of the growth and development of the capital market in a country, knowing the factors that affect people's equity investment can help Capital market development and growth. Myopic Loss Aversion (MLA) is one of the factors introduced by Benartzi and Thaler (1995). In this regard, the present study, after measuring myopia and the loss aversion coefficient of real, active investors in the Tehran Stock Exchange, investigated the effect of Myopic Loss Aversion on equity investing by pooling regression method. The sample consisted of 403 investors who answered the research questions twice in 6 months in 2018.The results of this study indicate that the median value of the loss aversion coefficient for investors is 2.17. The results of this research show that more myopic loss-averse investors that more change and evaluate their stock portfolios; invest less in stocks and more myopic loss-averse investors that less change and evaluate their stock portfolios; invest more in stocks This finding is consistent with the theory of Myopic Loss Aversion. The findings also showed that men invest more in equities than women and fundamental analysts less than technical analysts.This study emphasizes the importance of myopic loss aversion in the stock market and considers the reduction of myopic loss aversion as a factor in increasing equity investment.
Maryam Nobakht; Younes Nobakht
Abstract
Tax avoidance is one of the most important decisions managers, which can have a positive or adverse effect on a firm's value by preventing the transfer of the company's resources to the government. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of tax avoidance on firm value in companies listed ...
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Tax avoidance is one of the most important decisions managers, which can have a positive or adverse effect on a firm's value by preventing the transfer of the company's resources to the government. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of tax avoidance on firm value in companies listed to Tehran Stock Exchange with a sample of 180 firm's for the years 2008-2018. To test the hypotheses, multivariate linear regression got used and to assess the firm's value, two accounting criteria of free cash flow to the firm and free cash flow from the business have been used. Also, effective tax rate operating cash flow have been used to measure tax avoidance. The research findings showed that tax avoidance has a positive and significant effect on the accounting criteria of firm's value, which means that with increasing tax avoidance, the value of the company increases. The intensity of this increase in the estimated value of the firm through free cash flow from the business is greater than the estimated value of the firm through the free cash flow from the firm, which can be due to the neutralization of the financing effect. Thus, the research results confirm the theory of value creation in the relationship between tax avoidance activities and company value.
Sayeedeh Mirzayee; Mohammadreza Abdoli; Alireza Koushki jahromi
Abstract
Efficient market hypothesis predicts that capital markets are beset with cer-tain biases which result from wrong estimation, and negatively influence shareholders’ expectations for higher returns, which in turn affects invest-ment efficiency, financial constraints and corporate performance efficacy ...
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Efficient market hypothesis predicts that capital markets are beset with cer-tain biases which result from wrong estimation, and negatively influence shareholders’ expectations for higher returns, which in turn affects invest-ment efficiency, financial constraints and corporate performance efficacy in competitive markets, and eventually mitigates firm value. The present study aims Financial reporting language Bad on Aggressive Financial Reporting Investor protection over the period 2013-2017. Earnings forecast error and CEOs’ overconfidence biases serve as the measure of CEO’s perceptual biases, the model developed by Biddle et al (2009) is employed to proxy for investment efficiency, and KZ model is also adopted to calculate financing constraints. The results reveal that both earnings forecast error and overconfidence biases negatively affect investment efficiency, while they positively influence cor-porate financing constraints. These results indicate that CEO’s perceptual biases creates a constraint on financing, and, on the other hand, reduces the efficiency of corporate investments. Under these conditions, the trust and confidence of investors and shareholders in relation to the company will be reduced, and the company will face negative features like the risk of a financial crisis.
Mostafa Abdi; Hassan Zalaghi; Mahdi Kazemi Olum; Majid Aligiglo
Abstract
According to the agency theory, the existence of effective corporate governance mechanisms (audit committee) can solve the problems associated with agency issues and, as a result, reduces the free cash flow of companies. However, according to the transaction costs theory, the existence of quality corporate ...
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According to the agency theory, the existence of effective corporate governance mechanisms (audit committee) can solve the problems associated with agency issues and, as a result, reduces the free cash flow of companies. However, according to the transaction costs theory, the existence of quality corporate governance mechanisms not only does not reduce the level of these types of flows, but even leads to the increase in free cash flow due to the lower cost of these types of internal financing in comparison with other financing methods. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the audit committee's characteristics (size, independence, financial expertise, and gender of the members of the audit committee) and the free cash flow in companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from 2014 to 2018. The research hypotheses were tested using regression analysis and unbalanced combination data approach. The research findings indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the characteristics of size, independence, financial expertise, and gender of the members of the audit committee and free cash flow. These findings are in line with the transaction costs theory. The research findings also lead to the development of theoretical and experimental literature on the effectiveness of the role of audit committees in the field of company risk management with an emphasis on liquidity management and free cash flows.
Iman Soukhakian; Hirad Nazari; Arash Tahriri
Abstract
Cash is considered as the most important internal source of any firm under its management’ control. The marginal value of cash is influenced by management ability. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between managerial ability and its impact on the marginal value ...
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Cash is considered as the most important internal source of any firm under its management’ control. The marginal value of cash is influenced by management ability. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between managerial ability and its impact on the marginal value of cash. In this regard, information of 176 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2012-2018 was studied. Managerial ability is measured according to the model of Demirjian et al. (2012). Also, Abnormal share returns and the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is used to measure marginal value of cash. The main econometric methods of the research are multiple regression (with robust standard error, plus industry and year fixed effects) as well as a clustering method. The main results of the study show that the managerial ability has a significant positive association with marginal value of cash. In other words, marginal value of cash is higher for firms that hire capable managers, because they make better use of available financial resources, including cash, and greater returns for the firms.
Mohamad Omid Akhgar; Hamze Zaheddoost
Abstract
The goal of my research is to explore relationship between the cost of capital and CEO turnover with an emphasis on investment opportunities in companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. By the expansion of companies, office's owners submit the company to managers. High cost of capital which stems from ...
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The goal of my research is to explore relationship between the cost of capital and CEO turnover with an emphasis on investment opportunities in companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange. By the expansion of companies, office's owners submit the company to managers. High cost of capital which stems from a poor decision-making in the process of management, might lead on account of sufficient investment to overlook the investments opportunities. Therefore, in a course of assessing the performance of managing committee and decisions concerned them, it might be effective. This research is practical and descriptive-correlative, from the viewpoint of purpose and nature, respectively. In order to achieve my purpose, 188 companies which has been accepted among the Tehran Stock Exchange, during 1387 to 1394 on the basis of systematic sampling-deletion method and overally, in order to perform the analysis, 1504 firm-years is considered. In line with the previous efforts, two assumptions has been cited, and two models: The growth rate of the market value of the total assets and Tobin’s Q have been tested as the representative of investment opportunities. In order to trial the validity of assumptions, we made use of logical regression and compound data. Findings on the basis of Tobin’s Q illustrate that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between cost of capital and CEO turnover. This means that the cost of capital is the explanatory power of the replacement CEO. We also find out that the investment opportunity intensifies the cost of capital and the CEO turnover; however, in the model of growth rate of market value of the total assets, there was no sign between the cost of capital and the CEO turnover.
salahaddin ghaderi; zahra lashgari; Yadolla Tariverdi; AmirReza Kaighoadi
Abstract
Risk identification and management is a new approach used to strengthen and enhance the effectiveness of organizations. The purpose of risk management is to identify and assess the risk and reduce it using resources available to the administrator. In this study, Enterprise Risk Managementmodel has been ...
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Risk identification and management is a new approach used to strengthen and enhance the effectiveness of organizations. The purpose of risk management is to identify and assess the risk and reduce it using resources available to the administrator. In this study, Enterprise Risk Managementmodel has been estimated and its effectiveness has been studied on the Corporate accounting and economic performance. Tehran stock exchange listed firms constitute statistical population of the research and the sample was selected imposing conditions of the research variables to 129 firms during 2008-2019. Statistical technique of panel data regression was used to analyze data and test the hypotheses. The results indicate that enterprise risk management has a positive and significant effect on the criteria of rate of assets, rate of equity, market value added and cash value added. And these results are supported by the model of COSO(2004). And by comparing the predictive power of Gordon model(2009) and comparing it with the COSO model(2004), it was concluded that Gordon model(2009) had the least error in forecasting accounting and economic performance.
Mohammad Hossein Safarzadeh; Abbas Hooshmand
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between auditors' characteristics and their business and professional orientations. The impact of these professional and business orientations is also examined on actions that lead to lower quality of audit services. Using the questionnaire, ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between auditors' characteristics and their business and professional orientations. The impact of these professional and business orientations is also examined on actions that lead to lower quality of audit services. Using the questionnaire, the required data were collected from 283 certified accountants. The results show that among the characteristics of auditors, the level of knowledge and awareness, degree of adaptation and communication skills of auditors have a positive and significant relationship with their professional orientation, but marketing skills has a negative relationship with professional orientation. While creativity and innovation had no significant relationship with professional orientation. On the other hand, the auditors' marketing and communication skills have a positive and significant relationship with their business orientation. However, the level of knowledge and awareness, compatibility and creativity of auditors has no significant relationship with business orientation. Finally, professional orientation was found to decrease actions to reduce audit quality, whereas the business orientation exacerbated it. Therefore, it should be noted that auditors' business orientation may adversely affect the quality of their audits, so adopting appropriate mechanisms in this regard seems necessary.
Ebrahim Abbasi; Roya Izi
Abstract
This research intends to examine the role of the auditor's ethical decision making on disclosing financial and non-financial secrets and to present a model of auditor's decision making, with emphasis on the moderating role of perceived ethical severity. The tool used in the present research is a questionnaire ...
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This research intends to examine the role of the auditor's ethical decision making on disclosing financial and non-financial secrets and to present a model of auditor's decision making, with emphasis on the moderating role of perceived ethical severity. The tool used in the present research is a questionnaire and the statistical population of the study includes all persons of the member of the official accountants community of Iran in 2019. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling were used in this research. All calculations and statistical analyzes were performed by PLS software. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive relationship between ethical awareness and professional judgment and emotions. There is a positive relationship between feelings and professional judgment. Also, there is a positive relationship between professional judgments and disclosure of secrets, and the model of ethical decision making affecting disclosure of secrets, with an emphasis on analyzing the role of moderating the perceived ethical intensity of auditors was presented.
Abbas Aflatooni; Zahra Nikbakht
Abstract
One of the firms’ tools to provide a low-risk image is adopting a persistent dividend policy. However, it should be noted that due to financial constraints, many firms are unable to implement this policy in the long run. This research investigates the role of earnings quality in adopting a persistent ...
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One of the firms’ tools to provide a low-risk image is adopting a persistent dividend policy. However, it should be noted that due to financial constraints, many firms are unable to implement this policy in the long run. This research investigates the role of earnings quality in adopting a persistent dividend policy in 148 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) (includes 1628 observations) during 2007-2017. To measure earnings quality, I use five proxies and to investigate their role in adopting a persistent dividend policy, I employ partial adjustment model and dividends adjustment speed concept. To estimate the models, I apply the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) with system estimator. The research results show that compared with other firms, firms with lower total accruals, lower discretionary accruals, higher accruals quality, smoother earnings and higher overall earnings quality, are more able to conduct a persistent dividends policy. The research results using differenced-GMM estimator confirm the research primary results. These findings are consistent with the predictions of the signaling theory
Tayebeh Zanganeh; Mohammad Ali Rastegar; Kazem Chavoshi; Mir feyz Fallahshams
Abstract
Entering into the interbank market in order to balance profitability and liquidity risk management, depending on the conditions of short-term activities, banks are required to equip resources through this market or to lend short-term loans to other banks. Banks' commitments to each other mainly arise ...
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Entering into the interbank market in order to balance profitability and liquidity risk management, depending on the conditions of short-term activities, banks are required to equip resources through this market or to lend short-term loans to other banks. Banks' commitments to each other mainly arise in the interbank market, which can lead to increased systemic risk due to the spillover effect. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to analyze the network dynamic stability of the Iranian overnight money market through methods of statistical mechanics applied to complex networks .The results show that the network structure changes during time depending economic conditions. Systemic risk measures such as clustering coefficient, average short path, heterogeneity and centrality, show that the networks systemic risk increases and then by occurring default and crisis in one bank, default spillover during the domino effect in whole network. Also, in the event of failure, the most vulnerable group is to privatized and specialist governmental banks, and the private banks, due to the high volume of exchanges and net negative flows, can put a considerable systemic risk to the interbank market network. Morever, the signals of speculative activity by private banks are found.
Sedighe Azizi; Hojatollah Salari; Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar; David Khodadadi
Abstract
The accounting information system can play a significant role in helping to protect the environment from polluting manufacturing companies. How the company's spending on the environment is reflected in the accounts or how they are disclosed are issues that accounting can address to the management by ...
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The accounting information system can play a significant role in helping to protect the environment from polluting manufacturing companies. How the company's spending on the environment is reflected in the accounts or how they are disclosed are issues that accounting can address to the management by providing them with appropriate information. However, despite the important role of environmental accounting, no comprehensive index has been provided so far; Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive model of the relative importance of environmental accounting indicators. The present study was performed using mixed research method in both qualitative and quantitative sections. The statistical population of the research is in the qualitative part, the faculty members of the universities and in the quantitative part, 194 people are managers, experts and knowledgeable people in the field of environmental accounting. For the analysis of qualitative data, the method of the data theory of the foundation has been used and in a small part, structural equations have been used. The findings of the qualitative section showed that the six main categories of senior management commitment, strategy, uncertainty, social legitimacy, environmental monitoring and control and accounting information system have been identified as dimensions of the model. Finally, in the quantitative part of the model, the effect coefficient of change factors on the results showed the confirmation of the relationship and from the results of the fitness index, the value of fitness index was 0.943, which indicates the fit and strong utility of model.
Darioush Akhtarshenas; Ahmad Khodamipour; omid pourheidari
Abstract
Promoting corporate sustainability, as an important strategy for companies, is not a coincidence, but can be improved by identifying and considering different factors. Therefore, identifying the effective factors on corporate sustainability is essential. The purpose of this research is to develop a model ...
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Promoting corporate sustainability, as an important strategy for companies, is not a coincidence, but can be improved by identifying and considering different factors. Therefore, identifying the effective factors on corporate sustainability is essential. The purpose of this research is to develop a model to explain the effective factors on corporate sustainability through exploratory combination approach. In the qualitative part of the research, a model for effective factors on corporate sustainability has been provided by interview with specialists and experts and by using a snowball sampling method based on the thematic analysis of the interviews. In the quantitative part, in order to evaluate the validity of the presented model, by using from questionnaire, opinions specialists and experts were obtained and analyzed by one-sample t-test and one-way ANOVA. Also, confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine the factor loadings of the indices of each component. The research results showed four dimensions include: company characteristics, management factors, market factors and macro factors, nine components include: structural characteristics, functional characteristics, individual level, organizational level, capital market, business factors, economic factors, social factors and political factors and sixty indicators are affecting on corporate sustainability. In addition to confirming many of identifying factors in previous research, new factors such as community culture, country policy, ethics, legal requirements, corporate social reputation, intellectual capital and product competitiveness have been identified as effective factors of corporate sustainability. The findings have important insights for various stakeholders such as government, legislative bodies, regulatory bodies, companies and researchers. Accordingly, it is recommended to Corporate Audit and the Securities Exchange Organization take the necessary steps for codification corporate sustainability laws and standards.
Mohsen Rashidi; Milad Mardani; Mohammad Amiri
Abstract
The tendency to change the way investment is due to the lack of transparency in the financial situation and the unfavorable business strategy is created so that managers change business strategies in order to cover the risk arising from non-receipt of compensation. In this paper, the goal is to examine ...
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The tendency to change the way investment is due to the lack of transparency in the financial situation and the unfavorable business strategy is created so that managers change business strategies in order to cover the risk arising from non-receipt of compensation. In this paper, the goal is to examine the role of managerial compensation in changing the relationship between business strategies and over (under) investment. For this purpose, data on 120 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1385 to 1396 were extracted and a hybrid data regression model was used to test the research hypotheses. The research results indicate that prospector strategy leads to over-investment. Also, the results of the second hypothesis of the research show that managers' compensation is significantly affected by the relationship between prospector strategy and over investment. The third hypothesis of the research indicates that a conservative strategy leads to under investment. Finally, managerial compensation has no meaningful effect on the coherent interaction of conservative strategy and under investment.
Accounting report
iman zare
Abstract
Improving the quality of financial reporting is one of the effective factors to approach an efficient capital market and optimal capital allocation, the present research tries to explain the quality of financial reporting from the perspective of adjusted structuration theory. The adjusted structuration ...
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Improving the quality of financial reporting is one of the effective factors to approach an efficient capital market and optimal capital allocation, the present research tries to explain the quality of financial reporting from the perspective of adjusted structuration theory. The adjusted structuration theory explains social systems, including accounting, with an ethical approach and considering the dual relationship between agency and structure.The current research is quantitative in terms of implementation method. In the quantitative part, the correlation method based on confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling was used. The statistical population of the research includes university faculty members and financial managers 154 people were selected by available sampling method. The research tool is an extractive questionnaire from research literature. The analysis of data in the quantitative part in the form of structural equation model showed that the relationship between agency and accounting structure with the quality of financial reporting is strongly significant and agency has a higher rating in this relationship, this relationship is due to the influence of an opinion based on ethics with the first rank, decision-making with the second rank and accountability with the third rank will be from the direction of agency and structure on the quality of financial reporting. the accounting system with emphasis on adjusted structuration Theory increases the quality of financial reporting by providing a comprehensive theoretical framework based on the usefulness and ethics of the accounting system as well as the usefulness of information for decision making.
Zohreh Arefmanesh; Mohammad-Hossein Ghadirian-Arani; Zohreh Ghadirian Arani
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to investigation the relationship between financial distress and restatement of financial statement for listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Consequently, in this study a sample of 107 nonfinancial listed companies on the TSE from 2010 to 2016 were investigated. ...
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The main purpose of this study is to investigation the relationship between financial distress and restatement of financial statement for listed companies on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Consequently, in this study a sample of 107 nonfinancial listed companies on the TSE from 2010 to 2016 were investigated. Emerging Market Scoring (EMS) model was used for determining the financial distress and bankruptcy risk. In conducting this study, two main hypotheses were proposed. Comparison of means tests (t-test) and multiple linear regression analysis on panel data were used to test these hypotheses. The research results showed that there is no significant difference between the magnitude of financial restatement in financially distressed and non-distressed companies. However, bankruptcy risk is positively related to magnitude of financial restatement. That is, the more the bankruptcy risk, the more magnitude of financial restatement.
Abstract
Considering the important role of stock market in economic development, finding this fact that whether price increases is due to fundamental elements or not can help a country’s policy makers to direct the capital market to right direction.Therefore, this study investigates the existence of a certain ...
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Considering the important role of stock market in economic development, finding this fact that whether price increases is due to fundamental elements or not can help a country’s policy makers to direct the capital market to right direction.Therefore, this study investigates the existence of a certain type of rational bubbles due to the fundamental elements which called rational intrinsic bubble during 1385 to 1392. Then in second phase this matter will be examine that if the earnings can predict future return regarding to intrinsic bubbles so for this purpose Vector Auto Regression model has been applied .Required data have been collected seasonally and calculated by using and Rahavard novin software, 65 companies selected as research samples and data has been analyzed by using Eviews7 .the analyzing results indicate that there are intrinsic bubbles in 15 companies which is due to changing of fundamental elements such as dividend. Also results indicate that in companies in which there is not any intrinsic bubbles,earning can predict future returns.
mehdi heidari; hamze didar; bahman` ghaderi
Abstract
Abstract One of the consequences of political economy is the government's influence on economic units. Companies that have a good relationship with government; pay less tax, have a greater market share, receive additional bank loans, In comparison with the other companies use the government concessions ...
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Abstract One of the consequences of political economy is the government's influence on economic units. Companies that have a good relationship with government; pay less tax, have a greater market share, receive additional bank loans, In comparison with the other companies use the government concessions and in the process of public offering shares Government help them, Thus political patronage may lead to creation additional value and growth opportunities for these companies.In our country, the government has a widespread presence in economic activity and its influence on the financial and operating policies of most industries in Tehran Stock Exchange is observed. Therefore, in this research we investigation the relationship of political costs with growth opportunities with structural equation modeling approach. The research population consisted of 68 companies for the period of 2003 to 2012. Our finding indicates that the relationship between political costs and growth opportunities is positive and significant. keywords
