Mohsen Khoshtinat; Soghra Barari Nokashti
Volume 4, Issue 16 , January 2007, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
Financial statements release and announcement earnings convey some information to the capital market and causes changes in price and exchange volume of stocks. Accountants concern with such questions as: is there a relationship between accounting and the stock price changes and the abnormal returns around ...
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Financial statements release and announcement earnings convey some information to the capital market and causes changes in price and exchange volume of stocks. Accountants concern with such questions as: is there a relationship between accounting and the stock price changes and the abnormal returns around the date of annual and do convey any information to the capital market? And do announcement earnings have any informational content?
Since unexpected stock returns of some companies after the announcement earnings is more than the other companies, it may raise a question that why the market reaction to the good and bad news of some companies is more and greater than if s reaction to other?
There are many factors affecting earnings response coefficient. The size of the company is one of these factors and has been examined more frequently in the literature and has been recognized as a powerful factor affecting informational content of financial statements and more specially announcement earnings. So our research has some questions as below:
1- - Do stockholders respond to announcement earnings news?
2- Is coefficient of respond to announcement earnings different among the companies of different size?
To find the answer of these questions we have studied a sample consisting of l O I companies during a 3 years period stating from 1382 (1382 to l384). The results of our research show that there is a meaningful relation between the annual announcement earnings and unexpected return around the date of declares. But the quantities for R and R2 show a direct weak relation. Then to consider the second question we first classified the companies in to three classes: small sized, middle sized and large, based on their total assets book value and then we did separate tests for each class. There results show no meaningful relation between annual announcement earnings and unexpected returns around the declaration date in large companies. But there has been a meaningful relation i n the small and middle sized companies classes so we can conclude that there is a reverse relationship between the company size and informational context of two announcement earnings. Then there should be more focus on disclosure in small and middle sized companies because they are more important to users.
Mohsen Khoshtinat; Hamed Fallah Joshaghani
Volume 5, Issue 17 , April 2007, , Pages 1-25
Abstract
In this study the effect of "Financial Leverage (FL) on Earning Response Coefficient (ERC)" for accepted members of Tehran Stock Exchange is considered. The purpose is to find out whether or not the investors, analysts, etc. consider the capital structure and leverages of the firms when reacting to the ...
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In this study the effect of "Financial Leverage (FL) on Earning Response Coefficient (ERC)" for accepted members of Tehran Stock Exchange is considered. The purpose is to find out whether or not the investors, analysts, etc. consider the capital structure and leverages of the firms when reacting to the good and bad news caused by revealing the accounting in formation.
Financial Leverage measurement approaches are of two divisions as follows:
I) Income Statement
2) Balance sheet
In this research balance sheet approach i s used. In this approach, two definitions have been considered for leverage.
I) Debit/ assets Ratio
2) Debit I equity Ratio
Both definitions are used here. Studying the only research hypotheses using the regression analysis during 2000-20004 indicates that in the first leverage definition there is a reverse relationship between FL & ERC in the whole sample and in high leverage and in the second definition i n high leverage. However in the first definition in low leverage and i n the second one in the whole sample and in low leverage there's no considerable relationship between ERC and FL.
Ali Saghafi; Mehdi Sadidi
Volume 5, Issue 18 , July 2007, , Pages 1-24
Abstract
Economic decision-making needs information; lack of information results ambiguity of decision. Financial reports provide most of the information needed in process of decision-making (D-M). Previous researches indicate that the accounting earning (AE) is the sole and the most used item of accounting information ...
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Economic decision-making needs information; lack of information results ambiguity of decision. Financial reports provide most of the information needed in process of decision-making (D-M). Previous researches indicate that the accounting earning (AE) is the sole and the most used item of accounting information in economic DM, therefore the earning quality (EQ) is very important to investors and creditors.
This research study indicates the effect of accounting conservatism to the earning quality and stock return. The result shows that some of the changes in Return on Asset (ROA) can be using conservatism procedures, which reduce quality of earning.
Hamid Khaleghi Moghaddam; Elham Hamidi
Volume 5, Issue 19 , October 2007, , Pages 1-20
Abstract
In this research, we examine the value relevance of accounting information over the time in order to use it in valuation models. For this reason, the ability of current operating Income to predict oneyear-ahead operating cash flows has been examined by means of annual cross-sectional regression ...
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In this research, we examine the value relevance of accounting information over the time in order to use it in valuation models. For this reason, the ability of current operating Income to predict oneyear-ahead operating cash flows has been examined by means of annual cross-sectional regression approach from 1378 to 1385. Then the degree of relationship between operating Income and operating cash flows is investigated. The results show that both operating Income and operating cash flows have the ability to predict one-year ahead operating cash flows. But the incremental explanatory power of operating Income over operating cash flows is significant. Then in order to test the value relevance of accounting information over the time, we investigate the relationship between R2ₑ , R2 inc-e, R2 ocf, R2 inc-ocf, and lime by means of nonparametric statistics. The results do not show any significant relationship between R2ₑ , R2 inc-e, R2 ocf, R2 inc-ocf and time ROI t - ROI t-1.
H.R Baradaran Shoraka; S.M Seyed Motahari
Volume 5, Issue 20 , January 2008, , Pages 1-35
Abstract
In this article we have tried to consider the relation between four important macro-economic variables including: GDP (excluding petroleum), petroleum revenue, investment in the section of structuring and inflation with three majors accounting variables including: net operational profit margin ratio, ...
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In this article we have tried to consider the relation between four important macro-economic variables including: GDP (excluding petroleum), petroleum revenue, investment in the section of structuring and inflation with three majors accounting variables including: net operational profit margin ratio, rate of return on asset and return on owner's equity since 1376 up to 1385 in Tehran Stock Exchange Market.
Due to high correlation among three economic variables (GDP, petroleum revenue and investment in structuring) for testing the hypotheses, factor analysis has been applied and used.
Mohammad Arabmazar Yazdi; Mohammad Talebian
Volume 6, Issue 21 , April 2008, , Pages 1-30
Abstract
This paper examines the relation between the quality of financial reporting, information risk and cost of capital for a sample of firms listed in TSE's during 1380-1384.Using accruals quality as a proxy for financial reporting quality and information risk; prior research suggests ...
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This paper examines the relation between the quality of financial reporting, information risk and cost of capital for a sample of firms listed in TSE's during 1380-1384.Using accruals quality as a proxy for financial reporting quality and information risk; prior research suggests that financial reporting quality affects information risk, and in tum, affects firm's cost of capital. We find that firms with poor accruals quality have higher cost of capital relative to firms with high accruals quality. We also find that the effect of discretionary accruals quality on cost of capital (cost of debt and cost of equity) is greater than for non-discretionary accruals (innate accruals) quality.
M.H. Botshekan; M. Rahbari Kharazi
Volume 6, Issue 22 , July 2008, , Pages 1-21
Abstract
The objective of this research is to determine the extent to which shareholders' rights are observed. To this end, a questionnaire of 26 questions was designed according to the second OECD principle of corporate governance and was distributed among the university professors, directors and CEOs of investment ...
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The objective of this research is to determine the extent to which shareholders' rights are observed. To this end, a questionnaire of 26 questions was designed according to the second OECD principle of corporate governance and was distributed among the university professors, directors and CEOs of investment companies, qualified auditors and financial experts. 108 completed questionnaires were collected and analyzed using binominal test, T student, and Friedman test for ranking. The tests showed that shareholders' rights are not observed in Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. Subsequently, using Friedman test, the extent to which the 7 elements of shareholders rights under the present circumstances, the order of importance of these elements in view of the participants in the survey, as divided by the 4 groups of participants are determined.
Mohamad Arabmazar Yazdi; M. Mostafazadeh
Volume 6, Issue 23 , October 2008, , Pages 1-18
Abstract
This study provides events about the impact of Earnings Management on the Value-Relevance of Earnings and Book Value with comparison of short term and long-term discretionary accruals. According to the result of this study, in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), Earnings management reduces the value-relevance ...
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This study provides events about the impact of Earnings Management on the Value-Relevance of Earnings and Book Value with comparison of short term and long-term discretionary accruals. According to the result of this study, in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), Earnings management reduces the value-relevance of earnings and increases the value-relevance of book value and also the effect of long-term discretionary accruals on the value relevance of earnings and book value is greater than the effect of short-term discretionary accruals on the value relevance of earnings and book value.
H. Khaleghi Moghadam; S. Moshiri; K. Pakizeh
Volume 6, Issue 24 , January 2009, , Pages 1-33
Abstract
Stock prices are one of the most volatile economic variables and forecasting stock prices and their returns has proved very challenging, if not impossible. In this paper, we apply a battery of linear and nonlinear models to forecast the returns in nine international stock exchanges for the period 1998-2008. ...
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Stock prices are one of the most volatile economic variables and forecasting stock prices and their returns has proved very challenging, if not impossible. In this paper, we apply a battery of linear and nonlinear models to forecast the returns in nine international stock exchanges for the period 1998-2008. The models are random walk, historical mean, moving average, exponentially something, AR, and GARCH class models including ARCH, GARCH, GJR- GARCH" and EGARCH. Volatility is defined as within- month standard deviation of continuously compounded daily returns (log-returns) on the indices of main stock exchanges. We compare the forecasting results of the eight major international stock exchanges with the Tehran stock exchanges (TSE), where the market is highly regulated and therefore less subject to volatility. To evaluate the forecasting results, we use three symmetric loss functions including the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and the mean absolute percentage error.
Results suggest that the GJR- GARCH model provides the superior forecasting performance in comparison with other volatility forecasting models in international exchanges. However, the simple smoothing model provides superior performance in TSE. While random walk model provides the worst performance for international exchanges, it is a good performing model, second in order, in TSE. Historical average model provides the worst performance and ARCH class models do not rank high in forecasting competition for TSE.
A. Saghfi; R. Baghomian
Volume 7, Issue 25 , April 2009, , Pages 1-52
Abstract
In response to growing concerns about the usefulness of current financial reporting, several studies have investigated changes in the value relevance of accounting information during the last few decades. In addition to lacking a consensus on whether there has been a decline in value relevance, a major ...
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In response to growing concerns about the usefulness of current financial reporting, several studies have investigated changes in the value relevance of accounting information during the last few decades. In addition to lacking a consensus on whether there has been a decline in value relevance, a major concern over this literature relates to the appropriateness of the conventional method for measuring relevance based on the market price variable association. Motivated by growing evidence in the behavioral finance literature that market prices deviate from their underlying fundamental values, and by using of residual income valuation model, this study argues, and demonstrates empirically, that the documented decline in value relevance, is the outcome of two effects, not one effect as previously interpreted. The first one is the accounting measurement effect, reflecting a failure in current financial reporting to (fully) capture the underlying economic value of the firm, resulting in a genuine decline in value relevance. The second is the investor behavior effect caused by growing influence of non-fundamental factors in investor pricing decisions, which results in an artificial decline in value relevance. Results show that, based on the conventional method, there has been a decline in the value relevance of accounting information of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) during the period between 1378 and 1387. As hypothesized, the documented decline in value relevance is not solely the outcome of financial reporting becoming less relevant (the accounting measurement effect), but is similarly caused by growing speculation in investor behavior as evident in the increasing extent of non-fundamental values in market prices (the investor behavior effect). An additional analysis of value relevance based. on the association between financial variables and estimated fundamental values indicates no decline in financial information value relevance during this period and shows that the documented decline in value relevance is driven mostly by increasing investor speculation that is not attributable to changes in fundamental values.
A. Saghafi; M. Marfou
Volume 8, Issue 29 , April 2010, , Pages 1-37
Abstract
Based on prior research conducted in different countries, the quality of information provided by the accounting system could affect the stock liquidity risk. In general terms, higher quality of information causes lower liquidity risk.
This paper clarifies the relationship between earnings quality and ...
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Based on prior research conducted in different countries, the quality of information provided by the accounting system could affect the stock liquidity risk. In general terms, higher quality of information causes lower liquidity risk.
This paper clarifies the relationship between earnings quality and stock liquidity risk. Selected earnings quality criteria are including relevance, reliability, persistency and smoothness of accounting earnings.
Period of six years from the beginning of 1383 (2004) till the end of 1388 (2009) is applied and the sample includes 62 companies among listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. Multivariate regressions for statistical analysis coupled with eight control variables (size, ratio of book to market value, the institutional investors' ownership percentage, stock returns, stock volatility and triple risk coefficients Fama - French model) is used in the models. Findings has shown that there is significant relationship between relevance, reliability and smoothness of reported accounting earnings with stock liquidity risk, and higher quality of reported earnings causes lower liquidity risk.
Therefore, it can be argued that the quality of disclosed accounting information has a role in the reduction of stock liquidity risk.
Y. Hassas Yeganeh; M. J. Salimi
Volume 8, Issue 30 , July 2010, , Pages 1-35
Abstract
This study investigates for developing a model for corporate governance rating in Iran. We review corporate governance literature and resources and after taking into account social, economic, political and cultural conditions of Iran, the conceptual model and questionnaire was prepared. Based on the ...
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This study investigates for developing a model for corporate governance rating in Iran. We review corporate governance literature and resources and after taking into account social, economic, political and cultural conditions of Iran, the conceptual model and questionnaire was prepared. Based on the developed conceptual model, ownership effects, shareholders right, transparency and board effectiveness were selected as criteria of the model. Every criterion includes some components and every component has some indicators.
The questionnaire was filled by academic and capital market experts and analyzed by AHP and TOPSIS methods and final model was developed. Research findings show that transparency, board effectiveness, shareholders rights and ownership effects orderly have the biggest coefficients in the model. Consistency rate of criteria's and components is also in the acceptable level. (Below 10%)
O. Pourhaydari; A. Sadeghi
Volume 8, Issue 31 , October 2010, , Pages 1-31
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between stock returns and financial and non-financial information, such as operating income, net Income, dividends, cash flows, industry effects, price-earnings ratios, and earnings growth in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The testing period ...
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This paper investigates the relationship between stock returns and financial and non-financial information, such as operating income, net Income, dividends, cash flows, industry effects, price-earnings ratios, and earnings growth in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The testing period is from 1378 to 1387. We use cross sectional data for investigate trends and use pooled data for investigate the relationship between stock returns and financial and non-financial information. The results show that operating earnings, net income and earnings growth have the most explanatory power in determinant stock return. Similar to the findings of western studies, our study shows that earnings data is key information for investors. Also, our findings indicate that cash flows, industry effects, and price-earnings ratios are relatively less important information to the market.
Mohsen Dastgir; Seyed Mahdi ParchiniParchin; Keivan Sheikhi
Volume 8, Issue 32 , January 2011, , Pages 1-22
Abstract
The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the earnings quality on improving the stock liquidity of listed companies in TSE. In this study, the earnings quality based on earnings stability, and two transactional criteria (the trading days and the ratio trading volume) and two informational ...
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The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the earnings quality on improving the stock liquidity of listed companies in TSE. In this study, the earnings quality based on earnings stability, and two transactional criteria (the trading days and the ratio trading volume) and two informational criteria (the ratio depth and ratio spread) used to measure of the stock liquidity. To conduct this research, 94 listed companies in TSE during 2002-2011 via panel regression models (fixed effects) were investigated.
Findings indicate that there are not significant relationships between the earnings quality and different criteria of the stock liquidity.
jafar babajani
seyedmajid panahi
MOZHGAN MOHARRAMI; jafar babajani
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine financial performance measurement indicators, assess the adequacy and capability of existing indicators, and evaluate the capabilities of the accounting system to fulfill the financial responsibility of Tehran Municipality. In order to, theoretical fundamentals ...
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The purpose of this study was to determine financial performance measurement indicators, assess the adequacy and capability of existing indicators, and evaluate the capabilities of the accounting system to fulfill the financial responsibility of Tehran Municipality. In order to, theoretical fundamentals and the literature related to the assessment of the performance of municipalities in developed countries and relevant laws and regulations were first studied; then the indicators for this type of evaluation were determined and agreed through the use of the Fuzzy Delphi methodology and expert opinion polls. Subsequently, the "confirmatory factor analysis" test was used to determine the factor load of each component’s indicators. Additionally, the adequacy and capability of performance measurement indicators in Tehran Municipality were assessed in order to fulfill the responsibility of financial accountability by comparing the indicators of performance evaluation with the consensus indicators in a specialized community. Finally, the accounting system capabilities of Tehran Municipality were evaluated to provide the information needed. The results of the study showed that out of 50 indicators of financial performance evaluation derived from theoretical fundamentals and researches, the Delphi group obtained 41 general consensus indicators, but only 26 indicators were sufficiently important by doing a confirmatory factor analysis. On the other hand, the results of the research showed that the indicators of financial performance evaluation in Tehran's municipality are identical to half of the consensus indicators. However, the Municipality's accounting system provides a considerable part of the actual necessary information of the entity's financial performance measurement system.
Ali Rahmani; Nazanin Bashirimanesh
Abstract
Voluntary disclosure of managers as one of the mechanisms of transparency are noticed by analysts and capital market participants. Identifying the determinants of voluntary disclosure can help to understand the factors that affected the transparency and efficiency of capital market and efficiency of ...
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Voluntary disclosure of managers as one of the mechanisms of transparency are noticed by analysts and capital market participants. Identifying the determinants of voluntary disclosure can help to understand the factors that affected the transparency and efficiency of capital market and efficiency of resource allocation. In this study, the characteristics of the company, corporate governance and stakeholder power as the determinants of voluntary disclosure will be discussed. The sample consisted of 146 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2010- 2015. The hypothesis of this study is investigated with the structural equation modeling and multivariate regression to be comprehensive analysis of the effect of latent variables and their components on voluntary disclosure. The findings show, company's structural features have a positive and significant impact and company's performance features have significant and negative impact on the level of voluntary disclosure. Features of the board of directors, ownership structure and audit have positive and significant impact on the level of voluntary disclosure. Also Internal stakeholders, significant negative impact as well as external stakeholders have positive and significant impact on their level of voluntary disclos
Ali Saghafi; Mozaffar Jamalian Pour
Abstract
Classification shifting announced as new tools for earning management and become new subject for accounting research. In this article, we explore how classification shifting must measure and probe position of this tools in listed companies at Iranian stock exchange. For this purpose we gather data for ...
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Classification shifting announced as new tools for earning management and become new subject for accounting research. In this article, we explore how classification shifting must measure and probe position of this tools in listed companies at Iranian stock exchange. For this purpose we gather data for firms from 2002 to 2014. Research results show that companies used classification shifting as a tools for managing earning. Also, research explore that this tools use in trade off position from other common earning management tools. In fact firms used in order real management, accrual management and lastly classification shifting. In addition, results show that financial crisis is important factor for using this tools
mohammad namazi; Hossein Rajabdoory
Abstract
This study is aimed to investigate the status of auditing ethics in Iran in the light of the published literature in this field. The statistical population includes all related articles published in research and non-research and non-accounting journals of Iran since the beginning of their operation until ...
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This study is aimed to investigate the status of auditing ethics in Iran in the light of the published literature in this field. The statistical population includes all related articles published in research and non-research and non-accounting journals of Iran since the beginning of their operation until the end of summer 2016. At first, related articles were found by the archival approach, and then by "content analysis" and using quadruple structures of "sustainable development model of professional ethics of accounting" (Namazi et al. 2017), the priority of researcher’s topics was identified. Findings showed that in the field of professional ethics of auditing, 40 articles were only published in Iran’s publications until the end of September 2016. In that, 12 articles were published in the scientific research and accounting and financial journals, 15 articles in other accounting journals, and also 13 articles in non-accounting and financial journals. Content analysis of the articles also showed that there are 20 articles regarding individual ethics structure, 13 articles in social ethics structure, and 7 articles in organizational-economic ethics structure. So far, no article has been published in relation to auditing ethics in environmental ethics. The statistical findings of the independent T-test in comparison to the number of ethics articles published in the research journals and other accounting journals, and the comparison of the number of articles of audit ethics published in the research journals of accounting and other financial and accounting journals, did not confirm a significant difference. However, the chi-square test, which was used to examine the difference in the content of the four constituents of professional ethics of auditing, showed a significant difference. Findings of this study also showed revealed that ethics in auditing is not at a high priority by the researchers, and a little attention has been paid to it. Hence, this negligence can be an alarm for professional and academic society; therefore; this weakness should be compensated and managed appropriately in the future.
Ahmad Badri; Ali Ebrahimnejad; Ali Tahmasebi Torshizi
Abstract
An extensive literature examines managers’ incentives to smooth reported earnings using accruals in order to reduce price fluctuation of stocks in markets. Banks have additional incentives to engage in earnings management for a number of reasons, including tighter regulatory environment. They also ...
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An extensive literature examines managers’ incentives to smooth reported earnings using accruals in order to reduce price fluctuation of stocks in markets. Banks have additional incentives to engage in earnings management for a number of reasons, including tighter regulatory environment. They also have the ability to manage earnings using loan loss provisions (LLP). This paper examines earnings management using accruals – in particular, LLP - as the main accrual item in financial reporting of banks in the Iranian banking industry from 2005 to 2016. From previous studies, we expect that for banks with good (poor) current performance and expected poor (good) future performance, managers will save income for (borrow income from) the future by reducing (increasing) current income through LLP, especially discretionary LLP (DLLP). We also examine the effect of external financing, availability of other methods of earnings management like increasing (decreasing) non-operating income and capital requirements and also the relation of DLLP with risk. Our results indicate that bank managers do save earnings through DLLP in good times and borrow earnings using DLLP in bad times. We also find that bank risk is negatively associated with discretionary accruals.
jafar babajani; farrokh barzideh; peyman imanzadeh
Abstract
Achieving an effective, efficient and economical performance is the main responsibility of each organization's management. The efficiency and effectiveness of management in each organization means the ability of its managers in the preparation, development, allocation, maintenance and utilization of ...
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Achieving an effective, efficient and economical performance is the main responsibility of each organization's management. The efficiency and effectiveness of management in each organization means the ability of its managers in the preparation, development, allocation, maintenance and utilization of the existing resources, and the performance audit is one of useful instruments in improving the planning and control of operations and presentation of methods for the advancement and development of performance. The present research aims to evaluate the present situation of performance audit in the public sector of Iran and present strategies for its improvement. Evaluation of the present situation of performance audit requires experts' opinions considering their mindsets. In the present research, dimensions, components and indices of the performance audit pattern and the functional status of each index were evaluated and the difference between the present situation and the desired one was determined using the experts' opinions. According to the results obtained from the statistical analyses, all of the research indices are important and considering the significance-performance analysis, the functional situation of performance audit indices in the country is in the "acceptable" and "weak" areas.
Sauber Sheri Anaghiz; Gholam Hossein Assadi Assadi; Mehdi Nikravesh
Abstract
Management earnings forecast is one of the most important information resources in capital markets. The literature suggests managerial overconfidence is an effecting factors on the earnings forecasts’ accuracy. Because of users' relying to forecasted information, examination of the bias's effects ...
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Management earnings forecast is one of the most important information resources in capital markets. The literature suggests managerial overconfidence is an effecting factors on the earnings forecasts’ accuracy. Because of users' relying to forecasted information, examination of the bias's effects on forecasts' accuracy is important. By using a new managerial overconfidence assessment model and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) regression analysis, the paper examines this managerial bias’s effect on management earnings forecasts’ error in the firms that have listed at Tehran Securities Exchange (TSE) during the period from year 2007 to year 2016. The results show Chief Executive Officers’ overconfidence has a significant positive effect on earnings forecasts’ error, how overconfident Chief Executive Officers overestimate earnings forecasted above than actual earnings. This finding is consistent with recent researches’ ones and suggests information's users should be aware of Chief Executive Officers' overconfidence's negative effects on reliability of managerial forecasted information.
Alireza R ayati Shavazi; Ghasem Blue; Mohamad Hasan Ebrahimi; Maghsoud Amiri
Abstract
The financial contagion and the risk of overlapping portfolios arise from the interconnected relationships and interconnections between investment institutions and markets and can threaten the stability of the entire financial network. At first after presenting the model briefly, The comparison of the ...
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The financial contagion and the risk of overlapping portfolios arise from the interconnected relationships and interconnections between investment institutions and markets and can threaten the stability of the entire financial network. At first after presenting the model briefly, The comparison of the probability of contagion and the probability of the extent of contagion of two points at the end of the years 1394 and 1395 proves the reliability of the model; Nevertheless, due to the nature of the research in order to validating the model in the second part of the study, Monte Carlo simulation method has been used by statistical distribution of actual data. To do so, we first tried to diagnose and test the goodness of the distribution used in the variable of average degree of diversification and finally, the generalized Poisson-Lindley distribution was most closely related to actual data. Then in order to measure the stability of the financial contagion based on overlapping portfolio risk model using simulation of virtual data, we analyzed simulation thresholds in this study including different variables of diversification average degree of financial institutions, leverage, market impact, crowding and type of shocks. At the end of the study, the stability analysis of financial contagion based on overlapping portfolio risk model was presented based on the actual data simulation by examining the market impact parameter. Results refer to the fact that the capital market of Iran possess low probability for financial contagion based on overlapping portfolio risk.Jel Classification: C46, C63, G11, G17, G23
sobhan zafari; darioush foroughi; gholamhossein kiani
Abstract
The emergence of an accrual basis in the preparation of financial statements and the measurement of Accounting Earnings has led to the creation of quantitative, empirical and substantive research into the Earning Quality. Despite the extensive and contradictory research on the quality of earnings in ...
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The emergence of an accrual basis in the preparation of financial statements and the measurement of Accounting Earnings has led to the creation of quantitative, empirical and substantive research into the Earning Quality. Despite the extensive and contradictory research on the quality of earnings in the capital market, the issue of earning quality is still one of the most important issues of interest to market researchers. Some earnings research of the last decade has tended to use a qualitative approach such as text mining to provide a new measure of earnings quality. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of comparability and consistency of accounting practice on earnings quality with emphasis on qualitative text mining approach in order to provide a valid qualitative measure for evaluate earnings quality.The statistical population of the research is the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange .The study sample consisted of 90 companies in the period 2012-2109. was used Multivariate regression analysis to test the research hypotheses. Earnings quality in the present study was measured based on the quality of the company's accruals. Also, text mining technique (vector space model) was used to measure the consistency of accounting procedures. The results and findings of the study show that accounting comparability has a positive effect on earnings quality. The research findings and findings also confirm that by increasing the accounting consistency, the quality of the firm's earnings also increases. Key-words: accounting comparability,accounting consistency,Accrual Quality,text-mining,earning quality
