Accounting and various aspects of finance
nahid mohamadi; mehdi bahar moghadam; omid pourheidari
Abstract
Predicting stock rates and securities pricing is one of the most important issues in financial markets. The information provided by managers in corporate financial statements helps investors make optimal decisions. The value of this information depends on their accuracy and correctness, and managers' ...
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Predicting stock rates and securities pricing is one of the most important issues in financial markets. The information provided by managers in corporate financial statements helps investors make optimal decisions. The value of this information depends on their accuracy and correctness, and managers' biases distort the information correctly and lead to incorrect predictions and, of course, wrong decisions. Corporate governance is created by overseeing the opportunistic behaviors of managers and with the aim of reducing the conflict of interest between shareholders and managers.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on the relationship between managers' expectations and stock returns. Stock returns were calculated using the Fama and French three-factor model. It is an institutional agent and shareholder. The research hypotheses were tested using data from 178 companies whose data were available during the years 1390 to 1396 and using multivariate regression and combined data.Findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between managers 'expectations stickiness and stock returns and also only the mechanism of percentage of institutional shareholders has a significant effect on the relationship between managers' expectations stickiness and stock returns.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
farzad eivani; hadis abdi; farshid kheirollahi; mehri alimoradi
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the audit expectation gap and investor confidence, also to investigate the role of the auditor’s improved level of communication on this relationship. To investigate this effect and a model with higher order constructs using ...
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the audit expectation gap and investor confidence, also to investigate the role of the auditor’s improved level of communication on this relationship. To investigate this effect and a model with higher order constructs using a partial least-squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM), has been used. Based on a questionnaire survey with auditors and institutional investors, as one of the main users of audited financial statements, this study explored investors’ perceptions of both unreasonable and sensible audit expectation gaps (auditing performance and auditing standard gap) and the impact of auditor’s improved level of communication on this assessment. Based on the findings and values related to the path coefficients, audit quality and ensuring audit education have had a significant and positive effect on investor confidence. Also, a significant and negative relationship has been seen between the performance gap and the unreasonable audit gap with the level of investor confidence. Another finding of this study was the significant and positive effect of auditor’s improved level of communication on the relationship between the audit performance gap and the unreasonable audit gap with the level of investor confidence. Also, the calculation and analysis of fitness indicators using Smart-PLS software has confirmed the conformity of the conceptual framework and the experimental background with the results.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
mohammad namazi; Arezoo Mosallanejad
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to design an accounting model for integrated water management through a combined exploratory method. In the qualitative part, using the Meta-Synthesis method, after searching in internal and external databases in the period 1980-2020, 147 studies were found, which after the ...
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The purpose of this study is to design an accounting model for integrated water management through a combined exploratory method. In the qualitative part, using the Meta-Synthesis method, after searching in internal and external databases in the period 1980-2020, 147 studies were found, which after the meta- synthesis method, 33 particular studies which have a direct relationship with water accounting and management have been chosen. In the quantitative part, in order to assess the validity of the proposed model, using a questionnaire, the statistical population was active accountants in related industries in the field of water. Finally, using Cohen's sampling method, the opinions of 136 experts were received and analyzed using One Sample T-Test., In order to determine the factor loading of the indicators of each component, confirmatory factor analysis was used and the research hypotheses were tested. The results showed that the water management accounting model in Iran using Phenomenology method and balanced scorecard method includes 6 prospective: Finance, customer, internal processes, growth and learning, reputation and sustainability. The components of the model include 20 items: cost, efficiency, sales, expenses, water quality, water quantity, human capital, and so on and managers and in total 52 indicators constitute the water management accounting model.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Mohammad Ali Aghaei; Mohammad Amri Asrami
Abstract
In this study, the impact of CEO’s overconfidence on the relationship between cash holding and excess returns is investigated in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2018. For CEO’s overconfidence, overinvestment in assets, and for excess returns, the difference ...
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In this study, the impact of CEO’s overconfidence on the relationship between cash holding and excess returns is investigated in companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2011-2018. For CEO’s overconfidence, overinvestment in assets, and for excess returns, the difference between a firm’s stock return and the return of the firm’s benchmark portfolio over the same period is used. By systematic sampling, a sample of 157 companies is selected, and the models have run based on panel data with fixed effects. The results have shown that (1) cash holding has a positive and significant impact on excess returns, (2) CEO’s overconfidence has a negative and significant impact on excess returns, and lastly, (3) CEO’s overconfidence has a negative and significant impact on the relationship between cash holdings and the excess returns. With increasing CEO’s overconfidence, the excess returns will be reduced. Overconfident managers keep cash at a higher level that leads to overinvestment. It consequently decreases excess returns.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
hasan yari; rafik baghomian
Abstract
One of the most important tasks for managers is decision-making. Life goes on today while the shadowing of uncertainty over all affairs has completely changed the decision-making process for various reasons. Companies, during their economic life, also face various factors that are unpredictable, and ...
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One of the most important tasks for managers is decision-making. Life goes on today while the shadowing of uncertainty over all affairs has completely changed the decision-making process for various reasons. Companies, during their economic life, also face various factors that are unpredictable, and they are corporate managers who make the necessary final decisions for the company. Managers, like everyone else in the community, have different individual characteristics, talents, desires, attitudes, and value systems that can influence company policies. The present study aims to investigate the effect of managerial ability on companies' risk-taking behavior. In this regard, we analyzed the financial statements of 165 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) for the period of 1388-1397. We measured managerial ability using the model introduced by Demerging et al. (2012). Also, we measured the risk-taking behavior of companies using two variables: standard deviation of the Return on Assets (ROA), the ratio of capital expenditures to total assets, and financial leverage of the company. Hypothesis testing is carried out through a multiple regression model with panel data. The results indicate that managerial ability has a positive and significant relationship with the ROA and the ratio of capital expenditures to total assets.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Rafik Baghoomian; Hossein Rajabdorri; amirreza khanizolan
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial report readability and stock return synchronicity with the moderating role of institutional ownership and information asymmetry in companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This research is in terms of its purpose. ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between financial report readability and stock return synchronicity with the moderating role of institutional ownership and information asymmetry in companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). This research is in terms of its purpose. Its period is from 2015 to 2019, and the selected sample consists of 171 companies listed in TSE. To test the research hypotheses through panel data, the ordinary least squares regression method in Eviews software was used. The findings of the research hypothesis test show that there is a negative and significant relationship between financial report readability and the stock return synchronicity. Also, institutional ownership as a moderating variable negatively correlates the illusion of financial report readability and the synchronization of stock prices. Additionally, the moderating effect of the information asymmetric variables on the relationship between the financial report readability and the price synchronization is positive and significant. According to the findings, on the one hand, it is necessary to examine the implications of financial report readability. On the other hand, in order to improve the market, more attention needs to be paid to the issues affecting the stock return synchronicity.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Zahra Yousefzadeh; Gholamreza Mansourfar; Farzad Ghayour
Abstract
Today, with rapid and sustained changes in business markets, a growing number of companies have turned diversification into new product segments or global markets by shifting their business to increase the importance of long-term financial viability and sustainability. Moreover, increasing the variety ...
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Today, with rapid and sustained changes in business markets, a growing number of companies have turned diversification into new product segments or global markets by shifting their business to increase the importance of long-term financial viability and sustainability. Moreover, increasing the variety of products, covering the uncertain demand of customers, managing inventories and timely action have been important issues in manufacturing companies. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of diversification strategy on inventory performance, which is one of the topics of operations management by considering the classification of the diversity into related, unrelated and international. The statistical population studied includes all companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 2009-2018. Sampling has been done by screening method, and the number of companies in the final sample has reached 120 companies. The hypotheses have been tested by the estimated generalized least squares method. The results show that related and international diversification have positive and significant effects on inventory performance. The findings also indicate that unrelated diversification has an adverse effect on inventory performance, but this relationship is not statistically significant. Based on the acquired results, an increase in related and international variety of products, relying on higher safety stock, has led to an increase in sales. In addition, the insignificancy in the effect of unrelated diversification on inventory performance can be attributed to production costs and marketing programs of manufactured products.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Roya Soltani; Ali ebrahimnejad
Abstract
In this study, we examine the market reaction to the asset revaluation of listed companies. We first estimate the market reaction to the asset revaluation announcement, then explore potential explanations for the market reaction. Asset revaluation can improve firm's access to financing by improving financial ...
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In this study, we examine the market reaction to the asset revaluation of listed companies. We first estimate the market reaction to the asset revaluation announcement, then explore potential explanations for the market reaction. Asset revaluation can improve firm's access to financing by improving financial ratios. On the other hand, the increase in the firm's capital from the revaluation is accompanied by stock split which results in a decrease in the theoretical share price. This apparent drop in theoretical share prices could induce shareholders' interest as a result of money illusion. To assess these alternative explanations, we run a cross-sectional regression of the cumulative abnormal return on proxies of each factor. To further explore the driver of market reaction, we examine whether firms that have re-evaluated their assets could improve their access to financing or reduce their financing costs. For this purpose, we study a panel of listed companies between 2011 and 2019 for their access to finance, financing cost, investment, and financial leverage, controlling for the firm and year fixed effects. Our results are more consistent with the nominal price reductions causing the market reaction. We do not find evidence of asset revaluations leading to the firm's better access to financing.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Erfan Mohammadi; hamideh Esnaashari
Abstract
The risk of stock price crash is one of the topics of interest in capital market research. Since the main mission of capital market regulators is to protect the rights of investors, it has always been important to consider the factors that affect crash risk. The quality of financial reporting and earnings ...
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The risk of stock price crash is one of the topics of interest in capital market research. Since the main mission of capital market regulators is to protect the rights of investors, it has always been important to consider the factors that affect crash risk. The quality of financial reporting and earnings management patterns are the most important tools available to regulators that can help them manage crash risk aversion, which is why this study addressed them. Earning management patterns include earnings management through accruals and real earnings management. The statistical population of this study is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and the research sample was selected in terms of some features (including 167 companies) for the period 2012 to 2018. The research method of the present study is descriptive- correlation and the research hypotheses are tested using the generalized least squares method. The results show that the accrued earnings management model is related to stock crash risk and the use of earnings management through accruals increases the risk of stock price falls. While this is not the case with earnings management through real activities, the application of this earnings management model has nothing to do with the negative changes in stock returns. In addition, audit quality weakens the relationship between accrued earnings management pattern and stock crash risk. While the relationship between real earnings management pattern and stock crash risk is not affected by audit quality
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Ramin Hosseini; Alireza Matoufi; Mansor Kargaz; Ali Khozan
Abstract
One of the problems that many organizations have is changing the behavior of the employees of that organization. Leaving the state of behavioral balance can be considered as human behavioral entropy that can no longer comment on his behavior. Understanding the causes of these behaviors can prevent many ...
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One of the problems that many organizations have is changing the behavior of the employees of that organization. Leaving the state of behavioral balance can be considered as human behavioral entropy that can no longer comment on his behavior. Understanding the causes of these behaviors can prevent many problems in organizations. The purpose of this study is to develop a model of auditors' behavioral entropy.. The present study was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach and using the data research method of the foundation in 2019. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and in order to collect information, using purposive sampling method with 29 auditors of the auditing organization and managers of the auditing organization, 15 of whom were members of the community. And 14 of them were other auditors, familiar with the concept of behavioral entropy. In Tehran, interviews were conducted using the snowball method. . Data analysis was performed in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Based on that, a qualitative research model was designed. In this model, the most important causal factors included the economic characteristics of the country, the auditor's financial condition, individual and family characteristics, educational and experimental characteristics. Based on that, a qualitative research model was designed. In this model, the most important causal factors, including the economic characteristics of the country, are the audited financial conditions. The underlying context also includes the control system, commitment to professional use, and professional budgeting
