Accounting and various aspects of finance
AliAkbar Javan; jafar babajani; mohamad marfo; Farokh Barzideh
Abstract
In this study, by using the Fuzzy Delphi research methodology and getting the expert opinions, it was tried to identify indicators for improving audit quality approved by experts in order to design a suitable model for the Economy of IRAN by utilizing a confirmatory factor analysis model. Also in this ...
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In this study, by using the Fuzzy Delphi research methodology and getting the expert opinions, it was tried to identify indicators for improving audit quality approved by experts in order to design a suitable model for the Economy of IRAN by utilizing a confirmatory factor analysis model. Also in this research, the gap between current and desired situation of audit quality indicators in IRAN is investigated. Finally, the dimensions of audit quality are ranked in terms of importance. For this purpose, following the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 60 indicators were identified. These indicators were classified in five dimensions: a. Input factors with 21 indicators; B. Process factors with 10 indicators; C. Output factors with 9 indicators; D. Key interactions with 10 indicators; and E. Contextual factors by 10 indicators. Data were analyzed by utilizing R, Amos and Super Decisions software. The findings indicate that 54 indicators have been adopted, which provide a model for improving the Audit Quality. Also the results of comparing the current and desired situation of audit quality improvement indicators shows a significant difference between the current situation of the audit quality and the desired environment in Iran. Finally, the results of ranking the dimensions affecting the improvement of audit quality Shows that process factors are in the first place of importance from the point of view of experts, input factors are in the second place, main interactions and contextual factors are both in the third place and output factors are in the fourth place. IntroductionThe accuracy of the operation of each component of the financial reporting supply chain leads to higher-quality financial reporting. One of the most important components of this chain is external audits that, by considering the public interests, assure that the financial information presented in financial reports is fair and reliable (IAASB, 2011; Royaei et al., 2015; Imani Barandagh, Mehrani and Hojjat Shamami, 2016). Therefore, the international auditing and assurance standards board (IAASB), using a holistic approach, published a framework for audit quality in which the main factors contributing to audit quality are introduced. Researchers in different countries, including Iran, are expected to pay attention to the indicators suggested by the IAASB and adjust these indicators according to the context in which audit firms operate to help those involved in the financial reporting supply chain, especially auditors, to improve audit quality.Thus, conducting a study aimed at developing a model for audit quality improvement in Iran, considering the indicators suggested by the IAASB to improve audit quality and enhance the position of the auditing profession in Iran.Research Question(s)The present study can answer this question: What is the audit quality improvement model in Iran?Literature Review2.1. Audit quality definition:There is still no comprehensive, worldwide, and consensual definition, and thus, audit quality can be introduced as a complex and multidimensional concept (Mashayekhi et al., 2013; Alavi and Vakili Fard, 2021) that cannot be limited to a simple definition and the opinions of all those involved in the financial reporting supply chain should be taken into account (Bonner, 2008; Knechel et al., 2012; IAASB, 2014; Mohammadrezaei et al., 2019).2.2. Efforts to improve audit quality:Financial crises in recent decades have called into question the auditing profession and audit quality. Therefore, Policymakers have made attempts to identify key indicators of audit quality. As a more considerable step, in 2014, the IAASB developed a framework for audit quality in which the main factors contributing to audit quality were introduced. The IAASB has introduced the main factors contributing to audit quality in this framework and believes that following the framework in the economic environment of each country can lead to high-quality audits and improve the position of the auditing profession in society.MethodologyThe present study is applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of the data collection method. The purpose of this study is to identify the indicators of audit quality improvement in Iran and develop a model for audit quality improvement. To this end, the fuzzy Delphi method and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) technique are employed.3.1. Statistical population and sampling methodThe statistical population of this study comprises audit experts (the partners and senior managers of audit firms that are a member of the IACPA and Iran audit organization). The expert panel members were selected using the purposive sampling technique and 80 questionnaires were distributed among the audit experts, and finally, 58 questionnaires were collected to analyze the data.Results4.1. The importance level of the research indicators based on experts’ opinions (the results obtained from the fuzzy Delphi method)According to the obtained results, no indicator is removed, and all the indicators play a role in improving audit quality in Iran and are confirmed by experts. 4.2. Audit quality improvement modelIn the next step, the CFA technique was used to extract the research final model. To this end, first, the first-order one-factor CFA model related to audit quality improvement was fitted, and after removing items with factor loadings less than 0.5, 54 indicators remained. The final research model, which is a model for improving audit quality in the economic environment of Iran, was formed as described in Figure 2. Discussion and ConclusionThis study, using the fuzzy Delphi method and obtaining the opinions of 58 experts, seeks to identify audit quality improvement indicators and design a model suitable for the economic environment of Iran. To this end, based on the theoretical framework, 60 indicators were collected and categorized into five dimensions: a) input factors with 21 indicators, b) process factors with 10 indicators, c) output factors with 9 indicators, d) key interactions within the financial reporting supply chain with 10 indicators, and e) contextual factors with 10 indicators. The results show that 54 out of 60 indicators in five separate dimensions are accepted, which represent the model for audit quality improvement in the economic environment of Iran according to experts’ opinions as described in the aforementioned model (Figure 2).
Accounting report
Navid Reza Namazi; Pedram Azizi
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of auditing quality on the relationship between financial reporting quality and initial public offerings (IPOs) underpricing of stocks. The population of this study is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) and OTC of ...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of auditing quality on the relationship between financial reporting quality and initial public offerings (IPOs) underpricing of stocks. The population of this study is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) and OTC of Iran. The statistical sample consists of 230 companies in the period of 18 years, from 2001 to 2019. The results showed that on average, 25% of the initial public offering underpricing of stocks occurs in the Iranian capital market. In addition, the findings of the regression analysis using the E views software indicated that the financial reporting quality has a negative and significant effect on the initial public offerings underpricing of stocks. In other words, the high financial reporting quality prevents the initial public offering underpricing. It was also found that audit quality (in terms of the type of auditor's opinions) enhances the relationship between financial reporting quality and the initial public offerings underpricing of stocks. However, the size of the audit firm and the auditor's tenure do not moderate the relationship.
Marzie Hedayatipour; Nassirzadeh Farzaneh
Abstract
In this research, the effect of financial reporting quality model and timing of liabilities on investment efficiency as well as the effect of timing of obligations on the relationship between financial reporting quality and investment efficiency and inefficiency in listed companies in ...
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In this research, the effect of financial reporting quality model and timing of liabilities on investment efficiency as well as the effect of timing of obligations on the relationship between financial reporting quality and investment efficiency and inefficiency in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange is investigated. To testthe impact of 80 companies in the years 2007 to 2017, data was analyzed using Eviews software. In this research, three distinct methods (accruals, accruals, accruals, accruals, and accruals) were used to calculate financial reporting quality and their combined method. The results indicate that financial reporting quality has a positive and significant effect on investment efficiency. The quality of financial reporting does not affect investment and investment. Increasing the ratio of short-term debt to total debt will increase investment efficiency. Increasing the maturity of debt has no effect on investment and more. Other research findings indicate that the maturity of a debt, whether short-term or long-term, does not affect the relationship betweenfinancial reporting quality and investment efficient
Gholamreza Mansourfar; Bahman Qaderi; Fatemeh Daneshyar
Volume 14, Issue 53 , April 2017, , Pages 113-142
Abstract
Using structural equation modeling approach, this research aims to explorethe effect of political costs on financial reporting quality. For this purpose,66 publicly-listed firms from Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to2014 were selected as the final data set. As an independent variable, theobservable ...
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Using structural equation modeling approach, this research aims to explorethe effect of political costs on financial reporting quality. For this purpose,66 publicly-listed firms from Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to2014 were selected as the final data set. As an independent variable, theobservable variables such as capital intensity, concentrate rate, tax ratio, firmsize, employee intensity, and risk were used to proxy the political cost. Inaddition, quality of accruals, disclosure quality, earnings persistence, andaccuracy of financial information were used to measure financial reportingquality which is dependent variable and growth opportunities and leveragewere considered as control variables. The results indicated that political costshad a negative and meaningful effect on financial reporting quality.
bahman qaderi; gholamreza mansourfar; fatemeh daneshyar
Abstract
Political Hypotheses (Political Costs) and Financial Reporting Quality: Empirical Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange Abstract Using structural equation modeling approach, this research aims to explore the effect of political costs on financial reporting quality. For this purpose, 66 publicly listed ...
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Political Hypotheses (Political Costs) and Financial Reporting Quality: Empirical Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange Abstract Using structural equation modeling approach, this research aims to explore the effect of political costs on financial reporting quality. For this purpose, 66 publicly listed firms from Tehran Stock Exchange for the period 2006 to 2014 are selected as final data set. As an independent variable, the observable variables such as capital intensity, concentrate rate, tax ratio, firm size, employee intensity and risk are used to proxy the political cost. In addition, quality of accruals, disclosure quality, earnings persistence and accuracy of financial information are used to measure financial reporting quality which is depend variable and growth opportunities and leverage are considered as control variables. The results indicate that political costs have a negative and meaningful effect on financial reporting quality. Keywords: Political Hypotheses, Political Costs, Financial Reporting Quality, Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Corresponding Author
Shadi Jandaghyan; Shadi Jandaghyan
Abstract
Financial reports are tools that transfer accounting information to users,particularly investors. When the reporting quality is poor, investors rely on industry and market-level information. This action contributes to greater stock return movement with market and industry return, and Increases ...
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Financial reports are tools that transfer accounting information to users,particularly investors. When the reporting quality is poor, investors rely on industry and market-level information. This action contributes to greater stock return movement with market and industry return, and Increases stock return synchronicity. Factors such as free cash flow agency problem may cause distortion of information quality by managers as a result outsider investors are misled. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of free cash flow agency problem on stock return synchronicity and financial reporting quality. In order to test the hypotheses, data of 105 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1388 to 1392 were used. Findings of research signify that companies with strong free cash flow agency problem have a greater stock return synchronicity. Results also indicate that free cash flow agency problem has a significant and negative impact on the financial reporting quality. Thus investors who invest in the stock exchange and their main attention is focused on free cash flow, must to consider free cash flow agency problem as a factor affecting decisions.
Mehdi Moradzadeh Fard Moradzadeh Fard
Abstract
This study has been implemented with the aim of the development of the researches in the scope of the management effects through investigation of the management ability on the investment decisions and the stock price crash risk. In this regard and in order to measure the managers ability and its ...
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This study has been implemented with the aim of the development of the researches in the scope of the management effects through investigation of the management ability on the investment decisions and the stock price crash risk. In this regard and in order to measure the managers ability and its related effects on the investment efficiency (in the form of three models) and also its interaction with the element of the reporting quality on the future stock price crash risk (in the form of two models), the Demorgian et al (2013) model has been used. Hence two different statistical samples from the Tehran stock exchange listed companies and with the implementation of the Systematic removal model have been used. Also in order to examine the hypotheses, estimation methods and the assumption of the model, the Panel analysis has been used. Our findings show that the managerial talent decreases the underinvestment and reinforces the overinvestment and generally increases the deviation of the expected level of investment. In addition, the results of this study on the one hand, show that the managerial talent, meaningfully, decreases the future stock price crash risk and from the other hand it shows that the desirable reporting quality, decreases the future stock price crash risk. But there is no evidence showing the existence of an interactive relationship between capable managers and high reporting quality with future stock price crash risk.
Abstract
This study has been implemented with the aim of the development of the researches in the scope of the management effects through investigation of the management ability on the investment decisions and the stock price crash risk. In this regard and in order to measure the managers ability and its related ...
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This study has been implemented with the aim of the development of the researches in the scope of the management effects through investigation of the management ability on the investment decisions and the stock price crash risk. In this regard and in order to measure the managers ability and its related effects on the investment efficiency (in the form of three models) and also its interaction with the element of the reporting quality on the future stock price crash risk (in the form of two models), the Demorgian et al (2013) model has been used. Hence two different statistical samples from the Tehran stock exchange listed companies and with the implementation of the Systematic removal model have been used. Also in order to examine the hypotheses, estimation methods and the assumption of the model, the Panel analysis has been used. our findings show that the managerial talent decreases the underinvestment and reinforces the overinvestment and generally increases the deviation of the expected level of investment. In addition, the results of this study from one hand, show that the managerial talent, meaningfully, decreases the future stock price crash risk and from the other hand it shows that the desirable reporting quality, decreases the future stock price crash risk. But there is no evidence showing the existence of an interactive relationship between capable managers and high reporting quality with future stock price crash risk.
Mohammad Ali Bagherpour Velashani; Hossein Etemadi; Mahdi Omidfar
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between thecorporate governance characteristics and accounting restatements due torapid growth of restatements in the world as well as the Iranian capitalmarket. Researchers believe that restatement is a sign of low quality offinancial reporting ...
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The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between thecorporate governance characteristics and accounting restatements due torapid growth of restatements in the world as well as the Iranian capitalmarket. Researchers believe that restatement is a sign of low quality offinancial reporting by the companies. For doing so, similar to prior studiesand by consideration of the Iranian context a set of different corporategovernance characteristics including power of CEO, CEO changes, blockholders, largest shareholder, auditor type, auditor industry specialization,auditor changes, and finally capital structure are considered. In addition, tocontrol the possible effects of other factors, which could potentially affectfirms'''' restatement decisions, 10 new variables were added to the model.These control variables include return on assets, sales growth, operating cashflow, liquidity ratio, prior year performance, equity financing, debtfinancing, firm size, year, and industry type. The final research sampleincludes 999 observations of the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) listedcompanies for the period 2004-2009. The results indicate that CEO changes,auditor changes, auditor industry specialization, auditor size and largestshareholder as well as some financial characteristics such as operating cashflows ratio, liquidity ratio, and firm size are associated with the restatementsof the accounting income. Therefore, the findings support the hypothesis thatcorporate governance mechanisms can improve the quality of financialreporting.
seyed Abbas Hashemi; Saeed Samadi; Reyhaneh Hadian
Volume 11, Issue 44 , March 2015, , Pages 117-143
Abstract
In current business world, companies require suitable strategies forbetter use of their resources and wealth to solve their economicproblems. For this goal, one way is development of investment. Inaddition to development of investment, the efficiency of investment isso important. Hence, this study examines ...
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In current business world, companies require suitable strategies forbetter use of their resources and wealth to solve their economicproblems. For this goal, one way is development of investment. Inaddition to development of investment, the efficiency of investment isso important. Hence, this study examines the effect of financialreporting quality and debt maturity on investment efficiency. for dataanalysis and Hypothesis testing the multiple regressions models wasused .This research has been done in 104 listed companies in TehranStock Exchange based on data contained in financial reports between2007 – 2012. The results show that upper financial reporting qualityand lower debt maturity can improve investment efficiency .resultsalso show firms with higher (lower) use of short-term debt, exhibitlower (higher) financial reporting quality effect on investmentefficiency. In other world, financial reporting quality and debtmaturity are mechanisms with some degree of substitution inenhancing investment efficiency.
Mohammad Arabmazar Yazdi; Mohammad Talebian
Volume 6, Issue 21 , April 2008, , Pages 1-30
Abstract
This paper examines the relation between the quality of financial reporting, information risk and cost of capital for a sample of firms listed in TSE's during 1380-1384.Using accruals quality as a proxy for financial reporting quality and information risk; prior research suggests ...
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This paper examines the relation between the quality of financial reporting, information risk and cost of capital for a sample of firms listed in TSE's during 1380-1384.Using accruals quality as a proxy for financial reporting quality and information risk; prior research suggests that financial reporting quality affects information risk, and in tum, affects firm's cost of capital. We find that firms with poor accruals quality have higher cost of capital relative to firms with high accruals quality. We also find that the effect of discretionary accruals quality on cost of capital (cost of debt and cost of equity) is greater than for non-discretionary accruals (innate accruals) quality.
