Financial Accounting
Ali Rahmani; Gholamreza Solimani; Mandana Taheri
Abstract
Interest groups, especially shareholders have demand for Disclosure and Reporting in the capital market and they change their expectations of risk and return based on disclosure of information. Therefore, disclosure has economic consequence for companies that according to the empirical literature, cost ...
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Interest groups, especially shareholders have demand for Disclosure and Reporting in the capital market and they change their expectations of risk and return based on disclosure of information. Therefore, disclosure has economic consequence for companies that according to the empirical literature, cost of capital, information asymmetry and stock liquidity, there are three important consequences of disclosure and reporting. One of the disclosures of companies is risk disclosure in the capital market, especially for banks and financial and credit institutions which it require in the form of financial statements and the Report of the Board to the Stock Forum based on complies with the regulations of the Stock Exchange and the Central Bank of Iran. In this paper, we survey the effect of risk disclosure in bank listed in stock market on cost of capital, information asymmetry and stock liquidity as three important of risk disclosure consequences. For this aim, by using the annual data of 18 banks listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the years 1390 to 1395 we estimate simple regression with panel data. The results show the main hypothesis (there is a consequential risk disclosure of the banks listed in the stock market), confirms. In addition, risk disclosure has a positive and significant relationship with cost of capital and information asymmetry, but there is no significant relationship between risk disclosure and stock liquidity.
Ali Rahmani; Nazanin Bashirimanesh
Abstract
Voluntary disclosure of managers as one of the mechanisms of transparency are noticed by analysts and capital market participants. Identifying the determinants of voluntary disclosure can help to understand the factors that affected the transparency and efficiency of capital market and efficiency of ...
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Voluntary disclosure of managers as one of the mechanisms of transparency are noticed by analysts and capital market participants. Identifying the determinants of voluntary disclosure can help to understand the factors that affected the transparency and efficiency of capital market and efficiency of resource allocation. In this study, the characteristics of the company, corporate governance and stakeholder power as the determinants of voluntary disclosure will be discussed. The sample consisted of 146 companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange in the period 2010- 2015. The hypothesis of this study is investigated with the structural equation modeling and multivariate regression to be comprehensive analysis of the effect of latent variables and their components on voluntary disclosure. The findings show, company's structural features have a positive and significant impact and company's performance features have significant and negative impact on the level of voluntary disclosure. Features of the board of directors, ownership structure and audit have positive and significant impact on the level of voluntary disclosure. Also Internal stakeholders, significant negative impact as well as external stakeholders have positive and significant impact on their level of voluntary disclos
Reza Hesarzadeh; Hossein Etemadi; Adel Azar; Ali Rahmani
Abstract
According to the information perspectives of accounting, the main function of accounting is to provide information and to reduce uncertainty. Therefore, accounting capacity of reducing uncertainty determines the accounting quality (AQ) and so, we are attempting to find the best combinations ...
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According to the information perspectives of accounting, the main function of accounting is to provide information and to reduce uncertainty. Therefore, accounting capacity of reducing uncertainty determines the accounting quality (AQ) and so, we are attempting to find the best combinations of AQ Proxies whose trading off can reduce uncertainty. The purpose of this paper is to explore how AQ Proxies could reduce uncertainty. Tree analysis (structures of if and then) is employed since this analysis could empirically address boththe trade-off of Proxies and the importance of each measure in reducing uncertainty. Also, traditional statistics tests are employed. The Decision Tree analysis creates a tree-based classification model. Our findings suggest that there are at least three interaction paths through which accounting quality Proxies could reduce uncertainty. In contrast to previous researches which have found it difficult to investigate the trade-offs of AQ Proxies; this paper shows that it is possible to address it and in this way, it could prepare a number ofrules of thumb to reduce uncertainty through AQ Proxies. These findings have different implications for policy makers, audit committees, and investors.
Saber Sheri Anaghiz
Abstract
The company's ability to identify potential funding sources both internal and external, are the main factors of growth and development. The main objective of companies is to maximize shareholder wealth and the company's capital structure is one of the factors contributing to this, that involve financial ...
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The company's ability to identify potential funding sources both internal and external, are the main factors of growth and development. The main objective of companies is to maximize shareholder wealth and the company's capital structure is one of the factors contributing to this, that involve financial resources commensurate with the risk and return. On the other hand, several studies have shown that due to the problems of the traditional theory of capital structure, one of the most important factors, affecting the issues of financing in companies, is financial flexibility. This study examines the impact of financial flexibility on capital structure decisions. For this purpose, the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, 108companies were selected and financial data for the years 1382 to 1392 were studied. The results indicate that current period financial flexibility has a significant and positive relationship with capital structure. The results also suggest that for companies that have negative marginal value of cash, financial flexibility in capital structure decisions, is a priority.
A. Rahmani; Z. Bayati
Volume 8, Issue 30 , July 2010, , Pages 59-77
Abstract
Pension plans accounting is a controversial issue. Providing the defined benefits pension plans in companies' financial statements is very important considering the lack of accounting standard in Iran in this regard, and most of the financial statements users are interested in true understanding of companies' ...
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Pension plans accounting is a controversial issue. Providing the defined benefits pension plans in companies' financial statements is very important considering the lack of accounting standard in Iran in this regard, and most of the financial statements users are interested in true understanding of companies' pension plans. The number of such companies which are qualified to entering in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) has increased; hence economic consequences of measuring and releasing of obligations have been noteworthy.
The current research studies uniformity of pension plans in financial statements reporting and necessity of creating a new standard in this regard.
The sample population of this research are 9 companies and banks that have had defined benefits pension plan for the financial year of 1388. Also the data of research has been collected using viewpoint of expertise and persons questionnaire. Examines of binominal distribution, chi square and mean have been applied for analyzing of data.
Results of this study, indicates the lack of uniformity in reporting pension plans in financial statements of employer and entities which have mostly use recognition rather disclosure. However some incompetence is in recognition and disclosure.
Also from viewpoint of pension plan financial statements users, releasing of pension plans information is useful, so they believe it is necessary that a new standard should be created.
ali rahmani
S.H. Alavi Tabari; A. Rahmani; SH. Maki
Volume 6, Issue 22 , July 2008, , Pages 73-96
Abstract
This study has investigated the IPOs’ long-term performance, in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study was to examining if IPOs underperform in long-term. Furthermore, this study has investigated the effects ...
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This study has investigated the IPOs’ long-term performance, in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study was to examining if IPOs underperform in long-term. Furthermore, this study has investigated the effects of some features of IPO firms on IPOs’ long-term performance (e.g. size and profitability of the firm before the IPOs, ownership structure and IPOs' short-term returns ). The sample included 143 IPOs in Tehran Stock Exchange from 1376 to 1386. The results show that IPOs in Tehran Stock Exchange under-performs in long-run. There is a negative and significant relationship between size and the profitability of the firms before the IPO and IPOs' long-run performance. State-ownership and structure of ownership have no effects on long-term performance. Finally, there is no relationship between short-term return and long-term performance of IPOs.
Ali Rahmani; Elnaz Tajvidi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , October 2005, , Pages 227-246
Abstract
In view of the expanding capital market, it is of great significance to recognize the variables affecting stock return and its price. There exist different methods for the prediction of stock return such as the Capital Assets Pricing Model, the so-called CAPM, Market Model, Arbitrage Pricing Theory and ...
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In view of the expanding capital market, it is of great significance to recognize the variables affecting stock return and its price. There exist different methods for the prediction of stock return such as the Capital Assets Pricing Model, the so-called CAPM, Market Model, Arbitrage Pricing Theory and Factorial Model. According to CAPM, β (Beta) is the only variable capable of predicting the return. The studies and researches carried out with respect to predictability potential of CAPM model and application of other variables; demonstrate that there exist other variables which outperform stock return predictability potential of the β (Beta).
Included among such variables are the size, debt to equity, Book to Market, earnings to price and sale to price ratios. The present research was aimed at testing the above-mentioned variables and the β (Beta) for the prediction of stock return in order to recognize the variables which are better capable of predicting the stock return in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE).
Independent variable were tested against the dependent variable (return) on an annual basis for the years 1 376- 1382 (1997- 2003). Further, multivariable models were tested, both annually and pooled cross-sectionally. The pooled cross-sectional test results demonstrated that the model was statistically significant. However when the model was compared with single variable models, the increase in pred1ctabiltty potential was accepted. In single variable tests, no significant relationship was observed between debt to equity ratio and the stock return. Furthermore, no significant relation was observed between Beta and the Stock return, as predicted in CA PM model , and the results were dispersed and scattered. No significant relation was observed between magnitude of the total assets (logarithm) as size variable and the stock return in 4 consecutive years; however, when the size was defined in terms of stock market value, a significant relation was observed between the size so defined and the stock return in 4 consecutive years. There existed a significant rela1ion between the sale to price and the earnings to price ratios with the stock return in 4 consecutive years. However the Book to Markel ratio demonstrated great dispersion in results, indicating that there was no significant and stable relation. Considering the potential effect of the statistical models on the research findings, complementary tests were carried out on the basis of formation of portfolio based on Beta (β) and Book to Market ratio variables. Three portfolios were formed, taking into consideration the magnitude of each and every variable. The findings of such test substantiated that, during the years 1379-1380, portfolios with high beta (β) proved to have higher return compared to the ones with low Beta (β). With respect to the portfolios formed on the basis of Book to Market ratio, the findings proved compatible with the regression models.
Hamid Khaleghi Moghaddam; Ali Rahmani
Volume 1, Issue 1 , April 2003, , Pages 109-142
Abstract
This Paper Provides empirical evidence on the predictive ability of nonearning annual report numbers under an earning prediction approach.
The most studies report that earning were generated by a random walk Process. The paper investigates information Content of accounting items. The Logit prediction ...
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This Paper Provides empirical evidence on the predictive ability of nonearning annual report numbers under an earning prediction approach.
The most studies report that earning were generated by a random walk Process. The paper investigates information Content of accounting items. The Logit prediction models were estimated based on pooled data set of 71 firms over the period 1371-79.
The result demonstrates the predictive power of accounting item to explain and Forecast of earnings. However the predictive Performance model in the period 1377-79 was not significantly different from random walk model; except in 1378.
Gross margin ratio, growth in Assets per share, growth in Assets, growth in Sales to assets ratio, total debt to total assets, pretax income to sales, growth in net income to sales, growth in operating expense to sales and changes in return on equity, correlated with earnings and these explanatory variables whose estimated coefficients had a wald Statistic significantly different from zero at the 10% level.
The finding suggest that a firm's nonearings annual report numbers contain information concerning the direction of its next year's earnings change.
