M. A. Aghaei; A. A. Javan; M. Nazemi Ardakani; E. Mousavi
Volume 7, Issue 25 , April 2009, , Pages 87-103
Abstract
Decision making about capital structure and determining its effectiveness is increasingly important subject in managing of firms. In addition, earnings management is one of the effective factors on capital structure in corporate governance subjects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of earnings ...
Read More
Decision making about capital structure and determining its effectiveness is increasingly important subject in managing of firms. In addition, earnings management is one of the effective factors on capital structure in corporate governance subjects. This study aimed to investigate the impact of earnings management, Profitability ratios and firm size on the capital structure of listed companies of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in the period of 1382-1386. A sample of 125 companies of TSE was taken for research study. For the analysis of data, multiple regression model approach was applied. Gearing ratio was taken as dependent variable whereas absolute discretionary accruals, ROA, ROE, and Size were used as independent variables. The results indicate that absolute discretionary accruals have insignificant effect on dependent variable. According to the results, Size, and ROE have positive Impact on the capital structure of the listed companies in Tehran stock exchange.
Seyed Ali Hosseini; Zahra Masoumi Bilondi
Abstract
The recent welcome of companies to capital increases from revaluations has highlighted the role of experts, and increasing trust on the work of experts has led to concerns about audit quality. The aim of this study is to identify the challenges and barriers to using expertise services in auditing and ...
Read More
The recent welcome of companies to capital increases from revaluations has highlighted the role of experts, and increasing trust on the work of experts has led to concerns about audit quality. The aim of this study is to identify the challenges and barriers to using expertise services in auditing and ways to improve it. The research is qualitative and the data were collected through interviews with 17 auditors and Official Experts of Justice official and analyzed by theme analysis.According to the research findings, weakness of supervision, Lack of expert independence , limitations, structural inefficiency, reluctance of the auditor, non-compliance with the auditor's professional ethics, economic environment and communication problems and coordination of challenges and barriers to using expertise services were identified and rules and regulations improvement, strengthening infrastructure and promoting and developing expertise services, strategies to improve the use of expert services were identified. The results of the research can be useful in order to achieve effective use of experts in the audit process and as a result higher audit quality.
Mohammad Reza Sarebanha; Mohammad Hossein Ghaemi; Farshad Salim
Volume 4, Issue 13 , April 2006, , Pages 156-184
Abstract
This paper is aimed to respond to a general question about the capacity and potency of Tehran Stock Exchange Price Index (TEPIX) - an all-share Index- indicating future movement of the market and economy as a leading indicator. In one sense, whether the index (TEPIX) is efficient to serve as a benchmark ...
Read More
This paper is aimed to respond to a general question about the capacity and potency of Tehran Stock Exchange Price Index (TEPIX) - an all-share Index- indicating future movement of the market and economy as a leading indicator. In one sense, whether the index (TEPIX) is efficient to serve as a benchmark for decision-making. For this reason, we apply Fischer Tests (Time Reversal Test & Factor Reversal Test) and statistical significance by t-state.
For this research, two hypotheses in four different scenarios are designed. For first hypothesis, we used both time & factor reversal tests in tri scenarios and also statistical significance by t-state. For second hypothesis (forth scenario) we made a comparative comparison between indices such as Laspeyres, Paasche, Edgeworth-Marshal, Drobisch, Geary-Khamis , Fisher investor's decision making; of course, with assuming that investors use index as a benchmark for making decision.
With respect to the results, we can derive that TEPIX is not a favorable measure. Thus it is not an efficient index.
Seyed Majid Shariatpanahi; Ghasem Ghasemi
Volume 3, Issue 11 , October 2005, , Pages 209-225
Abstract
In this research the investigator tries to predict the companies’ EPS by comparing the most famous forecast with management foresees companies’ budget. For this goal, among different types of forecasting methods, the most famous of them (Box-Jenkins method) is chosen and based on economic ...
Read More
In this research the investigator tries to predict the companies’ EPS by comparing the most famous forecast with management foresees companies’ budget. For this goal, among different types of forecasting methods, the most famous of them (Box-Jenkins method) is chosen and based on economic evaluation methods, appropriate model will be suited. It is clear that as per correctness test methods and evaluation tests the above mentioned model should be confirmed. In this manner a suitable forecasting model shall be obtained. Then, by Wilkinson rank sum test, the suited forecast model with management forecast will be situated along each other and by calculating their deviation from real EPS from the point of closing to the reality will be judged.
The result of this research shows that the EPS mentioned by management in the companies’ budget is closer to reality than the EPS foresee by Box Jenkins time series model. In more clear word, the declared EPS by manager is more real compare to the best time series forecast models.
Accounting and various aspects of finance
Amir Moradi; hamideh asnaashari; Mohammad Hossein rohban; Mohammad Arabmazar Yazdi; MohammadHosien SafarZade
Abstract
Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) is a solution-oriented approach for conducting research that transcends mere understanding of existing situations, aiming to generate innovative and novel artifacts to realize desired outcomes. Despite its widespread use in other technical ...
Read More
Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM) is a solution-oriented approach for conducting research that transcends mere understanding of existing situations, aiming to generate innovative and novel artifacts to realize desired outcomes. Despite its widespread use in other technical and managerial domains, and more than two decades since the first exploration of DSRM in accounting literature, its true potential went largely unrecognized until the past five years, when it gained unprecedented recognition from accounting researchers.In this pioneering research, we analyze trends, identify influential figures, and map the intellectual and conceptual landscape of accounting research related to DSRM. Utilizing co-word analysis, co-authorship techniques, as well as scientific mapping and word cloud visualization, we scrutinize 51 articles from journals indexed in the most recent Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC) list from 2023.Our findings reveal that more than half of the research output is concentrated in the four-year period spanning from 2020 to 2023, signaling a growing interest among accounting researchers in this methodology. The dominant subject areas in design science articles are audit and control, coupled with the integration of emerging technologies and data analytics techniques.
Naser Izadiniya; Naser Izadiniya
Volume 12, Issue 45 , April 2015, , Pages 31-80
Abstract
In this study ,the impact of highly valued equity on the relationbetween audit quality and Discretionary Accruals in the companieslisted in Tehran Stock Exchange is investigated .Audit quality ismeasured by using of the audit firm size, audit industry specialization,the length of the auditor-client relationship ...
Read More
In this study ,the impact of highly valued equity on the relationbetween audit quality and Discretionary Accruals in the companieslisted in Tehran Stock Exchange is investigated .Audit quality ismeasured by using of the audit firm size, audit industry specialization,the length of the auditor-client relationship and industry specialistaudit firms with long tenure. Also, Discretionary Accruals is estimatedusing the Jones model (1991). The results of investigating a sample of153 firms during the years of 1386 to 1392 shows that interactioneffect of highly valued equity and audit quality proxies is positive andsignificant. This means that, magnitude of the negative effect of auditquality on the discretionary accruals in the highly valued firmsdecreases and high quality auditors not reducing amount ofDiscretionary Accruals in highly valued firms. Thus, in thenegotiation between auditors and managers about preparation offinancial statement in the highly valued equity, managers by using ofbetter information about its firm can success on auditors.
Hamideh Esnaashari; Mina Nourmohammadi
Abstract
Tax is taken into consideration as one of the important factors which playsrole in economic prosperity and societies' development through gaining revenue for governments. Iran's economy has been in inflationary recession condition for years but legal authorities don't pay attention to alter ...
Read More
Tax is taken into consideration as one of the important factors which playsrole in economic prosperity and societies' development through gaining revenue for governments. Iran's economy has been in inflationary recession condition for years but legal authorities don't pay attention to alter expense figures appeared in Companies financial statements, Whereas, revenue figures recognized carry inflation effect. Therefore, this situation imposes more tax burden on Companies especially ones Utilizing more various forms of long term assets in their Assets structure. This study investigates the relationship between tax policy and Companies tax burden in inflationary conditions. Inventory and PPE level are used to measure tax Policy effects asindependent variables. The ratio of tax expense to CFO is applied as a measure for tax burden. The data of Companies listed on TSE during 2002 to 2017 in regard to some consideration, are analyzed using GLS method (Unbalanced Panel). Results show that in Inflationary conditions, tax burden is increased when Companies acquire more PPE and inventories in the past years. In addition, lower inventory turnover strengths the inflation effect on inventory which cause higher tax for Companies
Saber Sheri; Farshad Sabzalipor
Volume 3, Issue 9 , April 2005, , Pages 65-96
Abstract
The objective of financial accounting standard No.18 (Act-8) of Iran is to prescribe principles and procedures for preparation and presentation of consolidated financial statements. According to this standard, consolidated financial statements must be presented by the parent companies to provide information ...
Read More
The objective of financial accounting standard No.18 (Act-8) of Iran is to prescribe principles and procedures for preparation and presentation of consolidated financial statements. According to this standard, consolidated financial statements must be presented by the parent companies to provide information about the economic activities of its groups. The main objective of this research is to examine empirically the value relevance of consolidated financial statements versus parent company's financial statements, using regression models based on valuation and information content approaches.
The findings of this study identify that consolidated financial statements information are not more value relevant than the information found in the parent company financial statements.
Seyed Hossein Sajadi; Mohsen Dastgir; Mojtaba Afshar Jahanshahi
Volume 4, Issue 15 , October 2006, , Pages 65-86
Abstract
The Purpose of this research, is the understanding the effect of Audit Committee existence and finally identifying the necessity of creating i t in our Country.
The results show that the existence of Audit committee causes that improve the quality of financial reporting, quality of internal Controls, ...
Read More
The Purpose of this research, is the understanding the effect of Audit Committee existence and finally identifying the necessity of creating i t in our Country.
The results show that the existence of Audit committee causes that improve the quality of financial reporting, quality of internal Controls, external Auditor Performance and internal Auditor Performance and decreases the Management fraud.
Farokh Barzideh; S.M. Borhani
Volume 6, Issue 23 , October 2008, , Pages 67-88
Abstract
This study presents evidence on the validity of the dividend signaling hypothesis, by using a new testing approach. The main question in this paper is whether dividend is informative about a firm’s future earnings. We examine this issue by investigating the ...
Read More
This study presents evidence on the validity of the dividend signaling hypothesis, by using a new testing approach. The main question in this paper is whether dividend is informative about a firm’s future earnings. We examine this issue by investigating the association between current year stock returns and current and future earning for firms that pay dividends in the current years as compared to firms that do not pay dividends. The analysis of the data reveal that relative to non-dividend paying firms, dividend paying firms have current returns that are more associated with future earning . Overall, our results are consistent with dividends providing relevant information about future earning to the market that this information affect stock price.
Shokrollah Khajavi; Fatemeh sadat Amiri
Volume 10, Issue 38 , July 2013, , Pages 69-90
Abstract
In company’s bankruptcy, stockholders, creditors and other stakeholders incurred lose and got affected. Thus, before any decisions, it is necessary to consider whether there is any signs of bankruptcy. In this research, after recognition of influencing variables on companies’ bankruptcy, ...
Read More
In company’s bankruptcy, stockholders, creditors and other stakeholders incurred lose and got affected. Thus, before any decisions, it is necessary to consider whether there is any signs of bankruptcy. In this research, after recognition of influencing variables on companies’ bankruptcy, quantitative variables were extracted from bankrupt companies’ financial statements and a questionnaire was used to measure these quantitative variables importance level. Afterwards, we ranked recognized factors using TOPSIS_AHP technique. After recognition and ranking efficient variables in bankruptcy, it was revealed that the most important factor of bankruptcy is the lack of market understanding. The ratio of total debts to total assets and managers attitudes were recognized as other key factors in bankruptcy.
R Baghoomian; A Rahimi Baghi
Volume 9, Issue 35 , October 2012, , Pages 69-91
Abstract
The economic development necessitate that accounting system should provide accurate, on-time, and reliable information to all parties involved in the planning, implementation and controlling of development projects. So in developing countries such as Iran, accounting education and its development is ...
Read More
The economic development necessitate that accounting system should provide accurate, on-time, and reliable information to all parties involved in the planning, implementation and controlling of development projects. So in developing countries such as Iran, accounting education and its development is part of the infrastructure required for economic development.Past studies shows that Iranian accounting education system suffers from some fundamental deficiencies, and does not identify and educate true talents to create essential expertise for different sectors as expected. To remove such barriers, identification of development barriers will be the first step to be taken.This research, tries to recognize these barriers, and to determine how much important is each of them. At the end, some recommendations have been presented to remove those barriers based on the results. The results show that poor English language ability and IT skills is the most important factor which can be considered as accounting education development barrier in Iran
Saeid Yadegari; Seyed Abbas Hashemi; Hadi Amiri
Abstract
One of the main reasons for the accruals anomaly is the lower persistence of accrual component of earnings to its cash component. Conservatism, as an accounting convention, increases the reliability of accruals, therefore, it is predicted that conservatism increases accrual persistence. In this study, ...
Read More
One of the main reasons for the accruals anomaly is the lower persistence of accrual component of earnings to its cash component. Conservatism, as an accounting convention, increases the reliability of accruals, therefore, it is predicted that conservatism increases accrual persistence. In this study, the effects of different degrees of accounting conservatism on the persistence of accrual component of earnings were investigated. Consequently, the role of accounting conservatism in the correction of the accruals anomaly was also evaluated which so far, no study has been conducted on this issue in Iran. Therefore, two hypotheses were developed which were statistically examined through multivariable regression models using combined data. Accordingly, using systematic removal method, 105 companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange during a 10 year period from 2007 to 2016 were selected as the statistical sample. It was found that accruals level showed a negative influence on the firm returns indicating the presence of accruals anomaly. Additionally, the results revealed that higher degrees of conservatism increased the persistence of accruals and as a result contributed to the correction process of accruals anomaly. The obtained results are consistent with the theoretical foundations of this research.
Y. Hassas Yeganeh; S. H. Alavi Tabari
Volume 1, Issue 4 , January 2004, , Pages 71-96
Abstract
There are two readily identifiable areas of a business firm’s operations that require the use of professional auditing services. These areas parallel the organizational forms that the audit services take. In the first area, there is a need for external financial reporting which consists of a set ...
Read More
There are two readily identifiable areas of a business firm’s operations that require the use of professional auditing services. These areas parallel the organizational forms that the audit services take. In the first area, there is a need for external financial reporting which consists of a set of financial accounting statements certified by an outside agent.
Second, there is a need for management information and auditing within the firm beyond the need for an independent financial statement audit.
The main goals of this research are identifying fees for external and internal auditing , recognizing the effect of existence of internal auditing on reducing the auditing expenses of the firm, and studying the effectiveness of raising the management levels whom internal auditors report to in the quality of their work . And eventually the usefulness of internal auditors as substitutes for external auditors.
Bearing in mind the models used in previous researches including the one done by Simunic (1980), another done by Palmrose (1986) to measuring the costs of auditing services, and experimental relation between the costs of internal and external auditing, we contrived a comprehensive model for auditing expenses of the firm, including two simultaneous equations to test our hypotheses against.
The final result of the research indicates that increased amounts of internal audit resources in the firm lower the external audit fee, and internal audit resources which report to the levels in the firm above the controller will exhibit a greater decrease in the external audit fee then internal audit resources which report to the controller, ceteris paribus.
Also the rate of usefulness to external auditors of reports provided by
internal auditors in the firm in which they report to the board of directors and the managing director is similar to that rate for firms in which the auditing division reports to the director for financial and administrative affairs or lower levels of management.
Mohammad Hosein Ghaemi; Masoomeh Nematolahi
Volume 4, Issue 16 , January 2007, , Pages 71-89
Abstract
A fundamental assumption in cost accounting is that the relation between costs and volume is symmetric for volume increases and decreases. In this ...
Read More
A fundamental assumption in cost accounting is that the relation between costs and volume is symmetric for volume increases and decreases. In this study, we investigate whether costs are "sticky" that is, whether costs increase more when activity rises than they decrease when activity falls by an equivalent amount. We find, for 77firms over 9 years, that selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) costs increase on average 0.41 % per 1% increase in sales but decrease only 0.16 % per I % decrease in sales. We find, for 77firms over 9 years, that cost of goods sold increase on average 0.97 % per I % increase in sales but decrease only 0.77 % per I % decrease in sales according to our investigation SG&A costs and cost of goods sold are sticky.
Farrokh Barzideh; Afsane Ghasemi
Abstract
The present study examines the relationship between net operating assets and conservatism. To this end, the data of about 130 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) from 1386 to 1390 has been collected and statistically analyzed with multiple-variable regression models based on combination data. ...
Read More
The present study examines the relationship between net operating assets and conservatism. To this end, the data of about 130 firms listed in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) from 1386 to 1390 has been collected and statistically analyzed with multiple-variable regression models based on combination data. This research uses Givoly and Hayn model to define operating assets and measure conservatism. In this study net operating assets is considered to be the subcategory of net working capital and net non-current operating assets. It was hypothesized that there is the significance relationship between net working capital assets and conservatism and also between net non-current operating assets and conservatism.Findings indicate that there are no significant relationship between net working capital assets and conservatism and also between net non-current operating assets and conservatism. The results also suggest that considering conservatism, there is a significant and negative relationship between leverage, growth and return on assets.
Hossein Etemadi; Banani Mahdi
Volume 5, Issue 19 , October 2007, , Pages 73-91
Abstract
One aim of investors in the purchasing of company stocks is using from the dividends. Investors enjoy from the cash flow and want to receive assure for particular amounts in the determine time, on the other hand, dividends payout can indicate the financial healthy and suitable condition of company for ...
Read More
One aim of investors in the purchasing of company stocks is using from the dividends. Investors enjoy from the cash flow and want to receive assure for particular amounts in the determine time, on the other hand, dividends payout can indicate the financial healthy and suitable condition of company for investors. So companies can use this weapon in their sharing price and also guiding the investors. The aim of this research is the consideration of the payment dividends balance dependent with the company operation of two assessment equivalent including the economic value added and return on assets. In order to consider the subject of 88 companies select that was necessary to account the research variables and the suitable statistic testing perform like the correlation tests, This research results is that the dividends has weak cohesion with economic value added and it has no cohesion relation with return on assets.
Therefore, we can conclude that payment or nonpayment of dividends cannot indicate the suitable or unsuitable operation of company and increasing or decreasing of dividends also should not be indicate for fairness or unfairness investment in the company ,so utilization of dividends don't recommend to take the investment and credit decisions by investors and creditors.
S.H. Alavi Tabari; A. Rahmani; SH. Maki
Volume 6, Issue 22 , July 2008, , Pages 73-96
Abstract
This study has investigated the IPOs’ long-term performance, in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study was to examining if IPOs underperform in long-term. Furthermore, this study has investigated the effects ...
Read More
This study has investigated the IPOs’ long-term performance, in Tehran Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study was to examining if IPOs underperform in long-term. Furthermore, this study has investigated the effects of some features of IPO firms on IPOs’ long-term performance (e.g. size and profitability of the firm before the IPOs, ownership structure and IPOs' short-term returns ). The sample included 143 IPOs in Tehran Stock Exchange from 1376 to 1386. The results show that IPOs in Tehran Stock Exchange under-performs in long-run. There is a negative and significant relationship between size and the profitability of the firms before the IPO and IPOs' long-run performance. State-ownership and structure of ownership have no effects on long-term performance. Finally, there is no relationship between short-term return and long-term performance of IPOs.
Mehdi Moradzadeh Fard; Mina Aboohamzeh
Volume 8, Issue 32 , January 2011, , Pages 73-102
Abstract
Regarding the critical role of liquidity in asset price discovery, sharing of financial risk, increasing of expected return and transaction costs reduction, it is important to know about the effective factors. This study examines the effects of the quality of corporate disclosure on stock ...
Read More
Regarding the critical role of liquidity in asset price discovery, sharing of financial risk, increasing of expected return and transaction costs reduction, it is important to know about the effective factors. This study examines the effects of the quality of corporate disclosure on stock liquidity. Because increasing disclosure quality reduces information asymmetry and reducing information asymmetry increases market liquidity, so the main hypothesis of this study is that disclosure quality has effect on stock liquidity. In this study, for separating various details impacts of disclosure quality, we used timeliness and reliability and to determine stock liquidity, we used 15 different trading and information liquidity measures. 112 Tehran Security Exchange listed companies, from 1384 to 1388 are chosen and research hypothesis was tested by linear multivariable regression in pre and post-test. The results indicate that disclosure quality has positive effect on stock liquidity. Also, they show positive effect of reliability on stock liquidity.
Rezvan Hejazi; Soghra Fasihi; Behnam karamshahi
Abstract
Dividend policy is one of the most important topics in finance literature; because dividend is one of the greatest cash payouts and the most important decision facing managers. Managers have to decide that what amount of earnings must be divided and what amount of earning must be reinvested in the terms ...
Read More
Dividend policy is one of the most important topics in finance literature; because dividend is one of the greatest cash payouts and the most important decision facing managers. Managers have to decide that what amount of earnings must be divided and what amount of earning must be reinvested in the terms of retained earnings. Dividend payouts affect institution’s ability to retain earnings for utilization in growth opportunities. It is obvious that managers have to consider maximizing shareholder wealth. Managers not only must decide about the amount of earnings to be reinvested, but also, they must notice the contingent effects of their decisions on stock price. So, managers have an essential role in setting dividend policy. This research investigates the effects of manager’s ability on dividend policy of Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies. This quasi-experimental research is in the field of positive accounting. We have applied Demerjian model for measuring manager’s ability and cash dividend for earning per share ratio for dividend policy. The sample consists of 82 firms from 2007 to 2015. The results show that manager ability and talents has a meaningful and positive relationship with dividend policy. Talented managers pay more divid
Musa Bozorgasl; Bistoon Salehzadeh; Mahsa Mohammadi
Abstract
In the present paper the relationship between managerial ability and investment inefficiency has been investigated using financial information of 76 Tehran stock exchange listed companies for a six year from the beginning of 1387 to the end of 1392. Managerial ability is defined as talent of individual ...
Read More
In the present paper the relationship between managerial ability and investment inefficiency has been investigated using financial information of 76 Tehran stock exchange listed companies for a six year from the beginning of 1387 to the end of 1392. Managerial ability is defined as talent of individual or individuals who have undertaken the management of a certain organization, and investment inefficiency as renouncing investment on positive net present value projects or choosing negative net present value ones. In order to measure the managerial ability the model developed by Demirjian et al.(2012) and to measure investment inefficiency the Chen et al.’s expanded version (2011) of the model developed by Biddle et al. (2009) was used. The results of this investigation shows that, according to the review of literature, there is an inverse relationship between managerial ability and investment inefficiency; however, this relationship is not statistically significant
Gh asadi; m nikravesh
Volume 9, Issue 36 , January 2012, , Pages 75-92
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between free cash flow, life cycle and dividend policy in Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies during 2002-2009. Using 304 company-year and conducting OLS Regression model, results revealed that there are no significant relationship between dividend policy and ...
Read More
This paper investigates the relationship between free cash flow, life cycle and dividend policy in Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies during 2002-2009. Using 304 company-year and conducting OLS Regression model, results revealed that there are no significant relationship between dividend policy and free cash flow, which is not consistent with free cash flow hypothesis and the relationship with dividend policy in prior researches (Fama and French, 2001; Grullon and et al., 2002 and Deangelo and et al., 2006). The findings also reveal that there are no significant relationship between companies' life cycle and their dividend policies.
Shahnaz Mashayekh; Nazanin Bashirimanesh; Seyed Samaneh Shahrokhi
Volume 10, Issue 40 , January 2014, , Pages 77-99
Abstract
Capital expenditure for the success of the company is valuable and important. Because the state and amount of the expenditure reflects the company's status in the future. Such decisions are often a major financial commitment that related long-term policies and policy of organizations and management decisions ...
Read More
Capital expenditure for the success of the company is valuable and important. Because the state and amount of the expenditure reflects the company's status in the future. Such decisions are often a major financial commitment that related long-term policies and policy of organizations and management decisions about the type and level of earnings management. This study examines the impact of earnings management on firm investment behavior. information quality using earnings management practices are declined. Decisions of enterprise managers based on this information will include important consequences. The period of this study is 2004 to 2012, and the methodology of this study is correlation and multiple regression analysis used panel data method. The findings show that firms with aggressive earnings management increases investment opportunities in future periods. Also, companies with aggressive earnings management practices have higher levels of investment and more using of external financing. The results of this study show, the quality of accounting information for internal decision is important and it is useful for information providers and standard-setting.
GH Kordestani; S-M Mortazavi
Volume 9, Issue 34 , July 2012, , Pages 77-102
Abstract
An increase in the ratio of sales, general and administrative costs to sales (SG&A ratio) is associated with contradictory interpretations, namely a negative one due to deficient cost control and a positive one derived primarily from investments for improvement of operational processes. Based on ...
Read More
An increase in the ratio of sales, general and administrative costs to sales (SG&A ratio) is associated with contradictory interpretations, namely a negative one due to deficient cost control and a positive one derived primarily from investments for improvement of operational processes. Based on these conflicting explanations, it is crucial to distinguish between whether an increase in the ratio of SG&A costs to sales is actually intended by management in order to enhance future profitability or it is because of deficient cost control. These explanations were investigated in this research. So the impact of cost efficiency on the relation between SG&A ratio and future performance is examined among 150 firms during 1380 to 1389. Findings show that intended increases significantly enhance future operating income and future sales, but non-intended increases in this ratio, decreases future operating income. Moreover, increases in SG&A ratio, cause decreases in future SG&A expenses in both efficient and inefficient firms, but dosen’t have a significant impact on future cost of goods sold (COGS). To study in more details, the SG&A efficiency and COGS efficiency were used in model at the same time and findings show that the impact of SG&A ratio on future operating income is significantly positive only if SG&A efficiency exists and also there is ample latitude for reduction of COGS. Because only in this way, SG&A costs represent investments in improving manufacturing efficiency.
Gholamreza karami0F; Maryam farajzadeh1F
Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between information asymmetry and mispricing of accruals in Tehran Stock Exchange. Hence, we hypothesize that there is a significant positive relationship between the level of information asymmetry and mispricing of accruals. ...
Read More
AbstractThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between information asymmetry and mispricing of accruals in Tehran Stock Exchange. Hence, we hypothesize that there is a significant positive relationship between the level of information asymmetry and mispricing of accruals. We implement Mishkin test and classification of portfolios method to respectively investigate whether there is any mispricing of accruals and its relationship with information asymmetry. Furthermore, the indirect balance sheet approach and bid-ask spread have been utilized to measure respectively accruals and information asymmetry. Thus, information of 82 entities during the time span of 5 years between 2008 to 2012 have been analyzed to test our hypothesis. The results depict that as the level of information asymmetry enhances, the difference between coefficients of predictions and evaluation of accruals in the Mishkin test increases. In other words, as the level of information asymmetry increases, the mispricing of accruals intensifies.
