Accounting report
Fahime Ebrahimi; Mohammad Hosein Setayesh; Hamidreza Zareifard
Abstract
Prospect theory explains how individuals’ feelings and preferences influence their decision-making. The purpose of this research was to investigate earnings manipulation incentives within companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange using fourfold pattern of risk attitudes provided by the cumulative ...
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Prospect theory explains how individuals’ feelings and preferences influence their decision-making. The purpose of this research was to investigate earnings manipulation incentives within companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange using fourfold pattern of risk attitudes provided by the cumulative prospect theory. The period of this research was 6 years, from 2013 to 2018 and included 695 observations. Hypothesis testing using logistic regression, with the average competitor performance within the industry as the reference point, revealed a significant positive (vs. negative) effect of management’s loss (vs. gain) estimates relative to the reference point on earnings manipulation. In other words, when management’s estimate of the likelihood of loss relative to the reference point is high (vs. low), the likelihood of earnings manipulation increases (vs. decreases). Furthermore, when management’s estimate of the likelihood of gain relative to the reference point is low (vs. high), the likelihood of earnings manipulation increases (vs. decreases). The findings of research also provided evidence for loss-aversion among managers. Therefore, the evidence suggests that the cumulative prospect theory can be utilized to explain managerial incentives for earnings manipulation.
A Sadr Esfahani; A Saghafi
Volume 9, Issue 34 , July 2012, , Pages 1-32
Abstract
This research examines the consequences of earnings manipulation through real activity and campares it with cosequenses of accrual manipulation based on earnings manipulation models provided by Roychowdhury (2006) and Gunny (2010). Statistical sample consists of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange ...
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This research examines the consequences of earnings manipulation through real activity and campares it with cosequenses of accrual manipulation based on earnings manipulation models provided by Roychowdhury (2006) and Gunny (2010). Statistical sample consists of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange over the years of 2000 to 2011. Literature Review indicates that real manipulation take place by using mehods such as offering discount, extend more lenient credit terms for sale, overproduction and reduced discretionary expense.Based on literature, firms with low return (first interval to the right of zero inearnings distributions) were detected as suspet firms to real and accrual manipulation. Results indicate an increase in abnormal accruals and abnormal production costs, and abnormal discretionary expenses and operating cash flows in suspect firms. After detecting earnings manipulation proxies, consequence of earnings management through real activities on future profitability and cash flow from operation were examined and compared with accrual manipulation. The Results of testing hypotheses indicate a negative effect of real manipulation on future performance
